{"id":4022,"date":"2023-02-28T11:12:03","date_gmt":"2023-02-28T11:12:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/en\/?page_id=4022"},"modified":"2025-09-29T19:43:58","modified_gmt":"2025-09-29T19:43:58","slug":"test2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/en\/","title":{"rendered":"Sandormokh &#8211; mainpage"},"content":{"rendered":"<section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto full_height valign_center width_full color_alternate\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">[vc_raw_html]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[\/vc_raw_html][vc_raw_js]%20%20%20%20%3Cscript%3E%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20hideFullScreenButton%20%3D%20%22%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20buildUrl%20%3D%20%22..%2Fb7%2FBuild%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20loaderUrl%20%3D%20buildUrl%20%2B%20%22%2Fb7.loader.js%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20config%20%3D%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20dataUrl%3A%20buildUrl%20%2B%20%22%2Fb7.data%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20frameworkUrl%3A%20buildUrl%20%2B%20%22%2Fb7.framework.js%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20codeUrl%3A%20buildUrl%20%2B%20%22%2Fb7.wasm%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20streamingAssetsUrl%3A%20%22..%2Fb7%2FStreamingAssets%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20companyName%3A%20%22hptx%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20productName%3A%20%22Sandarmoh%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20productVersion%3A%20%221.6%22%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%3B%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20container%20%3D%20document.querySelector%28%22%23unity-container%22%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20canvas%20%3D%20document.querySelector%28%22%23unity-canvas%22%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20loadingCover%20%3D%20document.querySelector%28%22%23loading-cover%22%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20progressBarEmpty%20%3D%20document.querySelector%28%22%23unity-progress-bar-empty%22%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20progressBarFull%20%3D%20document.querySelector%28%22%23unity-progress-bar-full%22%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20fullscreenButton%20%3D%20document.querySelector%28%22%23unity-fullscreen-button%22%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20spinner%20%3D%20document.querySelector%28%27.spinner%27%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20var%20globalUnityInstance%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20canFullscreen%20%3D%20%28function%28%29%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20for%20%28const%20key%20of%20%5B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%27exitFullscreen%27%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%27webkitExitFullscreen%27%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%27webkitCancelFullScreen%27%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%27mozCancelFullScreen%27%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%27msExitFullscreen%27%2C%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%5D%29%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20%28key%20in%20document%29%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20true%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20return%20false%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%28%29%29%3B%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20%28%2FiPhone%7CiPad%7CiPod%7CAndroid%2Fi.test%28navigator.userAgent%29%29%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20container.className%20%3D%20%22unity-mobile%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20config.devicePixelRatio%20%3D%201%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20loadingCover.style.display%20%3D%20%22%22%3B%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20script%20%3D%20document.createElement%28%22script%22%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20script.src%20%3D%20loaderUrl%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20script.onload%20%3D%20%28%29%20%3D%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20createUnityInstance%28canvas%2C%20config%2C%20%28progress%29%20%3D%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20spinner.style.display%20%3D%20%22none%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20progressBarEmpty.style.display%20%3D%20%22%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20progressBarFull.style.width%20%3D%20%60%24%7B100%20%2A%20progress%7D%25%60%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%29.then%28%28unityInstance%29%20%3D%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20globalUnityInstance%20%3D%20unityInstance%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20loadingCover.style.display%20%3D%20%22none%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20%28canFullscreen%29%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%20%28%21hideFullScreenButton%29%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20fullscreenButton.style.display%20%3D%20%22%22%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20fullscreenButton.onclick%20%3D%20%28%29%20%3D%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20unityInstance.SetFullscreen%281%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20OnStartApp%28%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%29.catch%28%28message%29%20%3D%3E%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20alert%28message%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20document.body.appendChild%28script%29%3B%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20function%20OnStartApp%28%29%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20label%20%3D%20document.getElementById%28%27startApp%27%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20func_BT_ENG%28%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20label.innerText%20%3D%20%27Applet%20loaded%27%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20jQuery%28%22.startApp%22%29.trigger%28%27click%27%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20function%20OnAllContentPassed%28%29%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20label%20%3D%20document.getElementById%28%27allPass%27%29%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20label.innerText%20%3D%20%27ura%20mi%20vse%20proshli%27%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20jQuery%28%22.allPass%22%29.trigger%28%27click%27%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20function%20setLabel%28elementId%29%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20label%20%3D%20document.getElementById%28elementId%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20jQuery%28%22.%22%20%2B%20elementId%29.trigger%28%27click%27%29%3B%20%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20function%20setLabelArt%28count%2CallCount%29%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20label%20%3D%20document.getElementById%28%27arts%27%29%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20label.innerText%20%20%3D%20%27Art%20%27%2Bcount%2B%27%2F%27%2BallCount%3B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20function%20func_BT_RUS%28%29%20%7B%20globalUnityInstance.SendMessage%28%27LocalizationManager%27%2C%27SetRus%27%29%3B%20%7D%0A%09%20%20%20%20function%20func_BT_ENG%28%29%20%7B%20globalUnityInstance.SendMessage%28%27LocalizationManager%27%2C%27SetEng%27%29%3B%20%7D%0A%09%20%20%20%20function%20func_Reset_progress%28%29%20%7B%20globalUnityInstance.SendMessage%28%27SceneLoader%27%2C%27ResetAllProgress%27%29%3B%20%7D%0A%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20function%20onClickArtPic%28%29%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20const%20label%20%3D%20document.getElementById%28%27artPic%27%29%3B%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20console.log%28%22artPic%20on%20click%22%29%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%2F%2Fdo%20things%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%2F%2Ftrue%20or%20false%0A%09%20%20%20%20function%20func_SetActiveSound%28active%29%20%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20if%28active%29%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20globalUnityInstance.SendMessage%28%27AudioManager%27%2C%27OnSound%27%29%3B%20%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7Delse%7B%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20globalUnityInstance.SendMessage%28%27AudioManager%27%2C%27OffSound%27%29%3B%20%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%7D%0A%0A%0A%20%20%20%20%3C%2Fscript%3E[\/vc_raw_js]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".startApp\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.90);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"border-radius:5px;width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"w-grid type_carousel layout_3720 valign_center\" id=\"us_grid_1\"><style>.layout_3720 .w-grid-item-h{}<\/style><div class=\"w-grid-list owl-carousel navstyle_circle navpos_outside with_dots\" style=\"--arrows-size:1.8rem;\">\t<article class=\"w-grid-item post-3715 page type-page status-publish hentry\" data-id=\"3715\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"w-grid-item-h\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"w-post-elm post_content usg_post_content_1\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto width_full\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"w-image align_none\"><div class=\"w-image-h\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"117\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Main-Logo-300x117.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Main-Logo-300x117.png 300w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Main-Logo-1024x398.png 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Main-Logo.png 1696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_medium\"><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>About project<\/h2>\n<p>This is Sandormokh. A forest tract in Karelia, where 6421 people were killed during the Great Terror, in memory of which many monuments and memorial signs were erected <a href=\"https:\/\/sand.mapofmemory.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">in the real Sandormokh<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Virtual Sandormokh is different. Wherever you go, you will see works by contemporary artists or entrances to historical routes.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-separator size_medium\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/article>\r\n\t<article class=\"w-grid-item post-3717 page type-page status-publish hentry\" data-id=\"3717\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"w-grid-item-h\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"w-post-elm post_content usg_post_content_1\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto width_full\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Menu<\/h2>\n<p>Passed routes and found objects will be marked in the list in the right corner. You can click on the names and read descriptions of routes and works of artists. But the works of artists and the routes themselves cannot be accessed from the menu, they can only be found in the forest.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/article>\r\n\t<article class=\"w-grid-item post-3775 page type-page status-publish hentry\" data-id=\"3775\">\r\n\t\t<div class=\"w-grid-item-h\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"w-post-elm post_content usg_post_content_1\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto width_full\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Movement<\/h2>\n<p>To move, press the arrows on your keyboard or the WASD buttons. To control the camera, press the left mouse button and move it.<\/p>\n<p>Don&#8217;t forget to turn on the sound.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-btn-wrapper align_center\"><a class=\"w-btn us-btn-style_1\" href=\"#\"><span class=\"w-btn-label\">Get lost in the forest<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t<\/article>\r\n<\/div><div class=\"g-preloader type_1\">\r\n\t<div><\/div>\r\n<\/div>\r\n\t<div class=\"w-grid-json hidden\" onclick='return {&quot;action&quot;:&quot;us_ajax_grid&quot;,&quot;ajax_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/pines.mapofmemory.org\\\/wp-admin\\\/admin-ajax.php&quot;,&quot;infinite_scroll&quot;:0,&quot;max_num_pages&quot;:1,&quot;pagination&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;permalink_url&quot;:&quot;https:\\\/\\\/pines.mapofmemory.org\\\/en\\\/wp-json\\\/wp\\\/v2\\\/pages\\\/4022&quot;,&quot;template_vars&quot;:{&quot;columns&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;exclude_items&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;img_size&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;ignore_items_size&quot;:0,&quot;items_layout&quot;:&quot;3720&quot;,&quot;items_offset&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;load_animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;overriding_link&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;post_id&quot;:4196,&quot;query_args&quot;:{&quot;ignore_sticky_posts&quot;:1,&quot;post_type&quot;:&quot;any&quot;,&quot;post__in&quot;:[&quot;3715&quot;,&quot;3717&quot;,&quot;3775&quot;],&quot;posts_per_page&quot;:&quot;3&quot;},&quot;orderby_query_args&quot;:{&quot;orderby&quot;:{&quot;title&quot;:&quot;ASC&quot;},&quot;order&quot;:&quot;ASC&quot;},&quot;type&quot;:&quot;carousel&quot;,&quot;us_grid_ajax_index&quot;:1,&quot;us_grid_filter_params&quot;:null,&quot;us_grid_index&quot;:1,&quot;_us_grid_post_type&quot;:&quot;ids&quot;},&quot;carousel_settings&quot;:{&quot;autoHeight&quot;:0,&quot;autoplay&quot;:0,&quot;carousel_fade&quot;:1,&quot;center&quot;:0,&quot;dots&quot;:1,&quot;items&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;loop&quot;:false,&quot;nav&quot;:1,&quot;slideby&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;smooth_play&quot;:0,&quot;speed&quot;:250,&quot;timeout&quot;:3000,&quot;transition&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;aria_labels&quot;:{&quot;prev&quot;:&quot;Previous&quot;,&quot;next&quot;:&quot;Next&quot;}},&quot;carousel_breakpoints&quot;:{&quot;0&quot;:{&quot;autoHeight&quot;:0,&quot;autoplay&quot;:0,&quot;autoplayHoverPause&quot;:0,&quot;items&quot;:1,&quot;loop&quot;:false,&quot;stagePadding&quot;:0},&quot;601&quot;:{&quot;autoHeight&quot;:0,&quot;autoplay&quot;:0,&quot;autoplayHoverPause&quot;:0,&quot;items&quot;:1,&quot;loop&quot;:false,&quot;stagePadding&quot;:0},&quot;1025&quot;:{&quot;autoHeight&quot;:0,&quot;autoplay&quot;:0,&quot;autoplayHoverPause&quot;:0,&quot;items&quot;:1,&quot;loop&quot;:false,&quot;stagePadding&quot;:0},&quot;1281&quot;:{&quot;items&quot;:1,&quot;stagePadding&quot;:0}}}'><\/div>\r\n\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".route1\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><article>\n<h2>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f<\/h2>\n<p>\u0412 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0430, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 1999 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u0414\u043d\u0435 \u041f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438, \u2013 \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0418\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0424\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0435, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432 2020 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443.<\/p>\n<p>\u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u041c.\u0420. \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438 \u0410.\u0424 \u0428\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b\u0448, \u0418.\u0410. \u0411\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0438 \u0434\u0440. \u2013 \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0436\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0435.<\/p>\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0440\u0443\u0442, \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u201c\u041f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u201d:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3969\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/photo_2022-08-12_23-44-27.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"717\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/photo_2022-08-12_23-44-27.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/photo_2022-08-12_23-44-27-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/photo_2022-08-12_23-44-27-1024x574.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/photo_2022-08-12_23-44-27-600x336.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>\u041c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0440\u044c<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3582\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/s.-m.-prokudin-gorskij.-obshhij-vid-soloveczkogo-monastyrya-ot-ostrova-babij.-1916-god.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"805\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/s.-m.-prokudin-gorskij.-obshhij-vid-soloveczkogo-monastyrya-ot-ostrova-babij.-1916-god.jpg 900w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/s.-m.-prokudin-gorskij.-obshhij-vid-soloveczkogo-monastyrya-ot-ostrova-babij.-1916-god-300x268.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0421. \u041c. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043d-\u0413\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439. \u041e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0440\u044f [\u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0411\u0430\u0431\u0438\u0439]. 1916 \u0433\u043e\u0434<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0412 1920 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f <a id=\"ref-23\" href=\"#node-23\">\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445<\/a>. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0440\u0430 \u0432 1923-\u043c \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043b \u043a\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044b, \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0412 1997 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u043f\u044e\u0440\u0435 \u0432 500 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0418 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 13 \u043b\u0435\u0442, \u0432 2010 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, <a id=\"ref-24\" href=\"#node-24\">\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0443\u043f\u044e\u0440\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0440\u044c<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3580\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/kupyura-500-rublej-1997-goda-https_www.solovki.ca_vsiako-razno_money.php_.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"257\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/kupyura-500-rublej-1997-goda-https_www.solovki.ca_vsiako-razno_money.php_.jpg 600w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/kupyura-500-rublej-1997-goda-https_www.solovki.ca_vsiako-razno_money.php_-300x129.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u0443\u043f\u044e\u0440\u0430 500 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439 1997 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.solovki.ca\/vsiako-razno\/money.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0412 1937 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u044e\u0434\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043a\u0432\u043e\u0442\u044b. \u0410\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 1000 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u043a \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043a \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0443. \u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c, \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u044b 1825 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f \u2013 1111 \u2013 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0435.<\/p>\n<h3>\u041a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044c<\/h3>\n<p><em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-3581 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/parohod-gleb-bokij-https_www.solovki.ca_events_boat_bokii.php_.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/parohod-gleb-bokij-https_www.solovki.ca_events_boat_bokii.php_.jpg 320w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/parohod-gleb-bokij-https_www.solovki.ca_events_boat_bokii.php_-213x300.jpg 213w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" \/><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u041f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u00ab\u0413\u043b\u0435\u0431 \u0411\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439\u00bb <a href=\"https:\/\/www.solovki.ca\/events\/boat_bokii.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><a id=\"ref-25\" href=\"#node-25\">\u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u00ab\u0413\u043b\u0435\u0431 \u0411\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439\u00bb<\/a>, \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0447\u0435\u043a\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0435. \u0411\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438, \u043f\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d \u0431\u0443\u043a\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0430. \u041f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043a \u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0443 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b \u0438\u043c\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0421.\u041b.\u041e.\u041d., \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0439 \u0415\u0436\u043e\u0432\u00bb. \u0415\u0436\u043e\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043b \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u043e \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0442\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d, \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u044f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0418\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/h2>\n<p>\u0421 \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u043b\u044b\u0442\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043b\u0441\u044f. \u0425\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0434\u044b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u0430\u0440\u0436\u0430 \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0421\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u044c. \u0420\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u041d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0438\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u00ab\u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f\u00bb. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0412 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u00ab10 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438\u00bb. \u041a\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u00ab\u043d\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f\u00bb, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b.<\/p>\n<h2>\u041f\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3579\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/veniamin-iofe-1024x660.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"660\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/veniamin-iofe-1024x660.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/veniamin-iofe-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/veniamin-iofe.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0412\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0412 1989 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430\u00bb \u0412\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u0438 \u0418\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0424\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044e \u043d\u0430 \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0414\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u041c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044f \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0440\u044f. \u041e\u043d \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c, \u043d\u043e \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0438\u043c\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c. \u0422\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0436\u0435 \u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u041f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0443 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438. <a id=\"ref-26 href=\"><\/a>\u0412\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435, \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u044b<\/h2>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u0438 \u0424\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u0443\u0448\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438, \u0438 \u0432 1996 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438 \u0441 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0443 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0442\u044f, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u2013 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u0443\u044e \u00ab\u043b\u0430\u043f\u0448\u0443\u00bb.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0421\u0443\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3585\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_13-19-18-973x1024.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"973\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_13-19-18-973x1024.png 973w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_13-19-18-285x300.png 285w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_13-19-18.png 1001w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 973px) 100vw, 973px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0418\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u0437 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u041d.\u041d. \u041c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0412\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u043a \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430. 24\u201326.05.1939. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0423\u0424\u0421\u0411 \u043f\u043e \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f. \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b. \u0414.\u211611602. \u0422.4. \u041b\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u0443\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0435, \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b \u0444\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440. \u0418\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0431\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b \u2013 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439. \u0412\u0435\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e, \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0443-\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0443. \u0412 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0447\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0449\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438: <a id=\"ref-27\" href=\"#node-27\">\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044b\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0448\u0442\u044b\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0432\u0435\u0437\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u0432 \u043a\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0435, \u0443\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u044f\u043c\u044b \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3584\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-i-svideteli-raskopok-v-dni-obnaruzheniya-sandormoha-1024x689.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"689\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-i-svideteli-raskopok-v-dni-obnaruzheniya-sandormoha-1024x689.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-i-svideteli-raskopok-v-dni-obnaruzheniya-sandormoha-300x202.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u042e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u0434\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0430. 2 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 1997 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3583\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/sandormohskij-les.-2-iyulya-1997-goda.-1024x656.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"656\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/sandormohskij-les.-2-iyulya-1997-goda.-1024x656.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/sandormohskij-les.-2-iyulya-1997-goda.-300x192.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043b\u0435\u0441. 2 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 1997 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f &#8211; \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430. \u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044c \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u044f\u043d\u0443\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u2013 16 \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u2013 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438. \u0418\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0438, \u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0435\u0447\u044c. \u0418 \u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c. \u041a \u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u042e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0443\u0434\u044c\u0431\u044b \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0443 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435, \u0424\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u0438 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e, \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0432\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u044f\u043c\u044b. \u041d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<footer>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"node-23\"><a href=\"#ref-23\">\u21a9<\/a>\u0421\u043c.: \u041e\u0431 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0440\u044f \u0421\u043c: \u041d\u0418\u0426 \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u00bb. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0421\u041b\u041e\u041d <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110819145744\/http:\/\/www.memorial-nic.org\/solovki.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440 &#8216;\u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b&#8217; \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433 (archive.org)<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-24\"><a href=\"#ref-24\">\u21a9<\/a>\u0421\u043c.: \u0421\u043c.: \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0438 \u0441 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0432 \/\/ \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438. \u042d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f. \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.solovki.ca\/vsiako-razno\/money.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c\u0433\u0438 \u0441 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0432. 500 \u0438 500000 \u0440\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0435\u0439. (solovki.ca)<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-25\"><a href=\"#ref-25\">\u21a9<\/a>\u0421\u043c.: \u041f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u043b \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0421.\u041b.\u041e.\u041d., \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0444\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0446 \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 <a href=\"https:\/\/fleetphoto.ru\/vessel\/73191\/?lang=ru\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0444\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0446 \u2013 \u0421\u0443\u0445\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044b \u2014 \u0412\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 (fleetphoto.ru)<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-26\"><a href=\"#ref-26\">\u21a9<\/a>\u0424\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u0418.\u0410. \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445: \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u041d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440-\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, 2019. \u0421. 34-35.<a href=\"https:\/\/nestoriana.files.wordpress.com\/2019\/07\/s_book_clear.pdf?fbclid=IwAR268YOqeqFv9EaxOhXLkc%20lv1H34d3rzO-fxystbGnWDuV2m0A6Ju2YUjMs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">s_book_clear.pdf (wordpress.com)<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-27\"><a href=\"#ref-27\">\u21a9<\/a>\u0421\u043c.:\u00a0 \u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0428\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b\u0448 \u0410.\u0424., \u0411\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0418.\u0410. \u0438 \u0434\u0440. \u211611602. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0423\u0424\u0421\u0411 \u043f\u043e \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f. \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b. \u0414. \u211611602.<\/li>\n<li id=\"node-28\"><a href=\"#ref-28\">\u21a9<\/a>\u0424\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u0418.\u0410. \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445: \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u041d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440-\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, 2019. \u0421. 70. <a href=\"https:\/\/nestoriana.files.wordpress.com\/2019\/07\/s_book_clear.pdf?fbclid=IwAR268YOqeqFv9EaxOhXLkc%20lv1H34d3rzO-fxystbGnWDuV2m0A6Ju2YUjMs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">book_clear.pdf (wordpress.com)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/footer>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"route1\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".route3\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><article>\n<h2>Empire<\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The route uses documentary materials: banners from the festive demonstrations and parades of 1937-1938; banners from the late 1980s and early 1990s rallies; slogans from patriotic rallies and individual pickets from the turn of the century 2010s to 2020s; and banners from the &#8220;Monstrations&#8221; (2010s).<\/p>\n<p>There are also posters with portraits of: Politburo members from the 1937-1938 rallies (Kliment Voroshilov, Nikolai Yezhov, Andrei Zhdanov, Lazar Kaganovich, Mikhail Kalinin, Vyacheslav Molotov, Anastas Mikoyan, Josef Stalin); posters with silhouettes of people &#8211; in memory of the repressed &#8211; from the Perm Memorial column from the late 1980s; and posters modelled on those of &#8220;Immortal Regiment&#8221;. We respect the memory of veterans of the Great Patriotic War, so we do not use real photographs: the faces are generated by a neural network within the project of the artist Pug Heel &amp; Vip Zip. This artist is also the author of the soundtrack, which is based on the sound of Soviet newsreels from 1938-1937, as well as documentary recordings of rallies and demonstrations from the late 1980s to the present day.<\/p>\n<p>Sandormoh is the place where thousands of people from all walks of life, classes and nationalities of the Soviet Union were executed. Next to writers, theatrical figures, scientists, officials, clergymen and politicians lie the workers and peasants in whose name the revolution was made. All these people represent 58 nationalities: Russians, Ukrainians, Belarusians, Georgians, Armenians, Tatars, Vainakhs, Finns, Lithuanians, Poles, Czechs <a id=\"ref-18\" href=\"#node-18\">and many others.<\/a> Against the backdrop of mass repression, it was especially important to maintain a sense of national unity. The 1930s were a time of grandiose gymnastic parades, during which toboggan slides, track and field equipment, ski-runs and even rag rink pools were paraded around Red Square. And in addition to the sporty ones, there were other wonderful elements of Soviet life, such as sunflower fields, merry-go-rounds, planets and power stations. All this impressive theatrical machinery was reminiscent of Renaissance mystery. In this context, it is not so absurd that the world theatre reformer Vsevolod Meyerhold, who was deprived of his theatre and his job in 1938, had to rehearse with students from the Lesgaft Institute in Leningrad in 1939 for their performance at a physical education parade. <a id=\"ref-19\" href=\"#node-19\">He was arrested during the rehearsals and shot in Moscow six months later.<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3633\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/fizkulturnyj-parad-na-krasnoj-ploshhadi.-fotograf-sergej-vasin.-1938-god.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"394\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/fizkulturnyj-parad-na-krasnoj-ploshhadi.-fotograf-sergej-vasin.-1938-god.jpg 394w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/fizkulturnyj-parad-na-krasnoj-ploshhadi.-fotograf-sergej-vasin.-1938-god-197x300.jpg 197w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 394px) 100vw, 394px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Sports parade on Red Square. Photographer Sergey Vasin, 1938. <a href=\"https:\/\/russiainphoto.ru\/search\/photo\/?query=%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4+1938&amp;index=6&amp;page=1&amp;paginate_page=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3632\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/fizkulturnyj-parad-na-krasnoj-ploshhadi.-fotograf-sergej-vasin.-1938-god.-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"513\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/fizkulturnyj-parad-na-krasnoj-ploshhadi.-fotograf-sergej-vasin.-1938-god.-2.jpg 800w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/fizkulturnyj-parad-na-krasnoj-ploshhadi.-fotograf-sergej-vasin.-1938-god.-2-300x192.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Sports parade on Red Square. Photographer Sergey Vasin, 1938.<a href=\"https:\/\/russiainphoto.ru\/search\/photo\/?query=%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4+1938&amp;index=2&amp;page=3&amp;paginate_page=1&amp;page_size=10\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3627\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/demonstracziya-na-krasnoj-ploshhadi-1-maya-1937-goda.-fotograf-ivan-shagin.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"528\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/demonstracziya-na-krasnoj-ploshhadi-1-maya-1937-goda.-fotograf-ivan-shagin.jpg 800w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/demonstracziya-na-krasnoj-ploshhadi-1-maya-1937-goda.-fotograf-ivan-shagin-300x198.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Demonstration on Red Square on May 1, 1937. Photographer Ivan Shagin. <a href=\"https:\/\/russiainphoto.ru\/search\/photo\/years-1840-1999\/?query=%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82+1937&amp;index=7&amp;page=1&amp;paginate_page=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3628\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/leonid-velikzhanin.-obshhij-vid-parada-na-krasnoj-ploshhadi.-7-noyabrya-1938.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"672\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/leonid-velikzhanin.-obshhij-vid-parada-na-krasnoj-ploshhadi.-7-noyabrya-1938.jpg 672w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/leonid-velikzhanin.-obshhij-vid-parada-na-krasnoj-ploshhadi.-7-noyabrya-1938-300x229.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 672px) 100vw, 672px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Common view of the parade on Red Square. November 7, 1938. Photographer Leonid Velikzhanin.<a href=\"https:\/\/russiainphoto.ru\/search\/photo\/years-1840-1999\/?page_size=10&amp;page=6&amp;query=%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4+1938&amp;index=7&amp;paginate_page=\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0424\u043e\u0442\u043e &#8220;\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u0438&#8221;, 7 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1938, \u0433. \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430 &#8211; \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f\u0445 (russiainphoto.ru) <\/a><\/em>&#8220;Pravda&#8221; newspaper. Jan 31, 1937.<\/p>\n<p>Apart from the physical education parade, the grandiose parades of the 1930s were also held on 1st May, Labor Day, and 7th November, the anniversary of the October revolution. The 20th anniversary parade of the October Revolution coincided with the period of the most massive shootings of the Great Terror. On the banners were giant images of Stalin and his name, which was identified not only with major state achievements, successes and victories, but also with the simple word &#8220;happiness&#8221;. And in those same years his signature is classified as &#8220;secret&#8221; &#8211; <a id=\"ref-20\" href=\"#node-20\">on the execution lists (not all of them he personally signed, but many).<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The debunking of the cult of personality in 1956 did not make the subject of repressions <a id=\"ref-21\" href=\"#node-21\">\u043fa matter of public discussion<\/a>. All the more so as the repression continued, albeit on a smaller scale. It was not until the late 1980s that one could talk about them openly. In the wake of perestroika, people who wanted to understand the experience of arrests and shootings and demanded their condemnation on a national and social scale poured onto the streets. &#8220;Our parents have no graves&#8221;, &#8220;I would like to name everyone&#8221;, &#8220;No to Stalinism&#8221; &#8211; all sorts of slogans floated in the crowds of many thousands. The creation of the Memorial Society became an urgent need, in order to close the door to violence to the state once and for all.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3625\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/vystuplenie-sergeya-kovaleva-na-mitinge-25-iyunya-1988-goda.-1024x750.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"750\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/vystuplenie-sergeya-kovaleva-na-mitinge-25-iyunya-1988-goda.-1024x750.png 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/vystuplenie-sergeya-kovaleva-na-mitinge-25-iyunya-1988-goda.-300x220.png 300w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/vystuplenie-sergeya-kovaleva-na-mitinge-25-iyunya-1988-goda..png 1680w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Speech by Sergei Kovalev at a rally on June 25, 1988.<a href=\"http:\/\/prequel.memo.ru\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3630\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/miting-5-marta-1989-goda.-foto_-dmitrij-borko-1024x580.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"580\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/miting-5-marta-1989-goda.-foto_-dmitrij-borko-1024x580.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/miting-5-marta-1989-goda.-foto_-dmitrij-borko-300x170.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/miting-5-marta-1989-goda.-foto_-dmitrij-borko.jpg 1404w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Rally on March 5, 1989. Photo by Dmitry Borko.<a href=\"http:\/\/prequel.memo.ru\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3629\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/miting-5-marta-1989-goda.-foto-dmitriya-borko--1024x651.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"651\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/miting-5-marta-1989-goda.-foto-dmitriya-borko--1024x651.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/miting-5-marta-1989-goda.-foto-dmitriya-borko--300x191.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/miting-5-marta-1989-goda.-foto-dmitriya-borko-.jpg 1231w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Rally on March 5, 1989. Photo: Dmitry Borko. Source: <a href=\"http:\/\/prequel.memo.ru\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/prequel.memo.ru\/<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3631\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/miting-po-povodu-otkrytiya-permskogo-otdeleniya-obshhestva-memorial-1024x637.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"637\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/miting-po-povodu-otkrytiya-permskogo-otdeleniya-obshhestva-memorial-1024x637.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/miting-po-povodu-otkrytiya-permskogo-otdeleniya-obshhestva-memorial-300x187.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/miting-po-povodu-otkrytiya-permskogo-otdeleniya-obshhestva-memorial.jpg 1531w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>The column of the Perm Memorial at the May Day demonstration. Late of 1980-s<a ref=\"magnificPopup\" href=\"http:\/\/pmem.ru\/assets\/images\/Simvolika\/7b15d639a864fd2efe72f068126be66d.JPG\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>In the new Russia it seemed possible to develop a culture of rallies, public protests and freedom of speech, both in the press and on the street. It seemed in turn that the practice of parades and demonstrations was becoming a thing of the past. But since 1995, the Victory Parade, which had previously been held only four times in the fifty years since the war, has become an annual event. Since 2008, heavy military equipment began to take part in the parade. On May 9, 2012 Tomsk hosted the first &#8220;Immortal Regiment&#8221; parade, which later became nationwide. That year, 6 thousand people took part in it. A few days before May 6, 2012, Moscow hosted the largest rally against the presidential election results in the history of modern Russia, which ended up on Bolotnaya Square. According to various calculations, from 30 to 120 thousand people have taken part in it. More than 30 people received prison sentences. This was followed by an intensification of the fight against street protests in Russia. Gradually, the only possible form of street protest in Russia became a single picket. Since 24 February, the form of a picket has been retained but virtually guarantees detention.<\/p>\n<p>The central branch of the Memorial Society in Moscow has been liquidated at the suit of the Prosecutor General&#8217;s Office. The liquidation process began in 2021 and was completed in spring 2022. The official reason for the liquidation was that a number of public materials were not marked as &#8216;foreign agent&#8217;, thus violating the law on foreign agents. At one of the last trials, the prosecutor said: <a id=\"ref-22\" href=\"#node-22\">&#8220;Why do we, the descendants of the victors, have to watch attempts to rehabilitate traitors and Nazi collaborators with impunity? Why, instead of pride in a country that won a terrible war and liberated the world from fascism, are we being encouraged to repent of our supposedly hopeless past?&#8221;<\/a><\/p>\n<p>On May 9, 2022, more than 1 million people marched in Moscow for the &#8220;Immortal Regiment&#8221; action.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n<footer>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"node-18\"><a href=\"#ref-18\">\u21a9<\/a>\u0421\u043c.: \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u0412.\u0412. \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 <a href=\"https:\/\/iofe.center\/btkarel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 | \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 (iofe.center)<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-19\"><a href=\"#ref-19\">\u21a9<\/a>\u0421\u043c.: &#8220;\u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e \u2116537&#8221;. \u0414\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0412.\u042d. \u041c\u0435\u0439\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0434\u0430. \u041c.: \u0410\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442. \u0420\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0435\u0440. \u0422\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440, 2022. 176 \u0441.<\/li>\n<li id=\"node-20\"><a href=\"#ref-20\">\u21a9<\/a>\u0421\u043c.: \u0414\u044d\u0432\u043b\u0438\u043d \u0414\u0436. \u041c\u0438\u0444 \u043e \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435: \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430 \/\/ \u0422\u0440\u0443\u0434\u044b \u201c\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b\u201d: \u0412\u044b\u043f. 6. \u041c.: \u0420\u0413\u0413\u0423, 2009. \u0421. 213-240. <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20110815002231\/http:\/\/www.ec-dejavu.net\/s-2\/Stalin.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d: \u0414\u0436. \u0414\u044d\u0432\u043b\u0438\u043d. \u041c\u0438\u0444 \u043e \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435: \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430 \/ \u0422\u0440\u0443\u0434\u044b \u00ab\u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b\u00bb (archive.org)<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-21\"><a href=\"#ref-21\">\u21a9<\/a>\u0421\u043c.: \u0414\u043e\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u041d. \u0421. \u0425\u0440\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u043e \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 XX \u0441\u044a\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435 \u041a\u041f\u0421\u0421: \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b. \u041c.: \u0420\u041e\u0421\u0421\u041f\u042d\u041d, 2002. 909 \u0441.<\/li>\n<li id=\"node-22\"><a href=\"#ref-22\">\u21a9<\/a>\u0421\u043c.: \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0420\u0424 28 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u044f 2021 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0443 \u043e \u043b\u0438\u043a\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u201c\u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/footer>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"route3\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".route4\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Never again<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>This route uses only documentary recordings: excerpts from the speeches made by participants at the Sandormoh commemoration rallies on 27 October 1997, 5 August 1999, 5 August 2013, 5 August 2014, 5 August 2015, 5 August 2016, 5 August 2017, 5 August 2018 and 5 August 2019.<\/p>\n<p>To get out on the route, find the gate with the sign &#8216;Not to be repeated&#8217;. You will find this gate at the very end when you pass the rest of the routes and locations. It&#8217;s the last one. You can&#8217;t jump off this route, like the spiral of history.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3969\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/photo_2022-08-12_23-44-27.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"717\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/photo_2022-08-12_23-44-27.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/photo_2022-08-12_23-44-27-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/photo_2022-08-12_23-44-27-1024x574.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/photo_2022-08-12_23-44-27-600x336.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>On 27 October 1997 people gathered for the first time at Sandormoh to commemorate the dead. Most of them were those who had been searching for their relatives&#8217; graves for 60 years. Old women &#8211; the wives of young men who had been shot &#8211; had found their husbands. Children and grandchildren found their fathers and grandfathers. Many local people accidentally read the list of victims that Yuri Dmitriev published shortly before the opening of the memorial in a Petrozavodsk newspaper. In those days not all the names of the victims were identified yet. Later Dmitriev added more names and new people found the graves of their relatives here. But the relatives of the Solovetsky prisoners had long been in dialogue with Memorial and followed their search in detail. The names of the prisoners were known in full.<\/p>\n<p>High officials, representatives of the presidential administration, the leaders of Karelia and diplomats from various countries came to the opening of the memorial. Many gave speeches. The leitmotif of all the speeches was one thing: what happened here in Sandormoh must not happen again. The opening of the memorial is not only a remembrance of the victims, but also a testament to the non-repetition of violence.<\/p>\n<p>October 27 is the anniversary of the first day of the execution of the inmates of the Solovetsky prison camp in 1937. In Sandormoh itself, the shootings started earlier, with the beginning of the Big Terror, officially counting down from 5 August 1937. Since 1998, this very day has become an annual memorial day in Sandormoh.<\/p>\n<p>Every year the leitmotif is repeated in the speeches of all the guests: &#8220;Never again&#8221;. Every year it grows bitterer and bitterer.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"route4\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".HellGuard\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Anonymous author<\/h2>\n<h2>Circle 7<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3569\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/sergej-savelev.-krug-7.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/sergej-savelev.-krug-7.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/sergej-savelev.-krug-7-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Dante\u2019s Divine Comedy describes the circles of hell. For tyrants and brigands is intended circle Seven. Hence the title of my project.<\/p>\n<p>Even Solzhenitsyn resorted to comparing the totalitarian regime of the USSR under Stalin and the Gulag with Hell on Earth, titling his work In the First Circle. It is dedicated to the workers of the prison design bureaux, whose conditions of imprisonment were relatively mild. In my version of the 7th circle, I place the servants of the regime themselves, the NKVD officers, the minders, the executioners, those who were cogs in the machine of terror, and others. It is no secret that many of them became victims of the same system during the Great Terror. In a sense retribution has caught up with them in this life. I think that the life of a \u201cchieftain\u201d in such a system is not much better than that of a prisoner. A person is already immersed in an inferno of constant fear, mistrust, a feeling of vulnerability and total control, even if they are not aware of it and are formally at the top of the food chain. This is how their dehumanisation occurs, their descent into Hell begins while they are still alive.<\/p>\n<p>The sculpture depicts the Guardian of Hell, a monstrous figure in a cotton wool jacket, who is tormenting human figures dressed in the same clothes. Jackets were worn both by prisoners in the northern latitudes and as part of the uniform of the guards in the Gulag system.<\/p>\n<p>The demon is not so much an otherworldly force, as an image of the most inhuman system and the totalitarian barracks regime.<\/p>\n<p>Serving as a warning to all who are enticed by the power of the \u201cStrong Hand\u201d.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"HellGuard\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".Flash\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Aleksandra Gart<\/h2>\n<h2>The Flash<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3561\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/aleksandra-gart.-molniya.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/aleksandra-gart.-molniya.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/aleksandra-gart.-molniya-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"Flash\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".Drop\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Nemamont<\/h2>\n<h2>The Last Place<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3566\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/nemamont.-geolokacziya.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/nemamont.-geolokacziya.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/nemamont.-geolokacziya-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>This is where the earth soaked in blood and became the last place for six thousand two hundred and forty-one people. Mark this place on your inner map and never forget it.<\/p>\n<p>The bonfire is a traditional place of preservation and replenishment in video games. In the Sandormoh forest, bonfires lit executions. Here their smoke forms the number 1111 \u2013 the number of victims of the first Solovetsky stage alone. Conservation is not possible.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"Drop\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".Head\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Andrey Kuzkin<\/h2>\n<h2>The head of a hero from the installation \u201cPrayers and Heroes\u201d<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3562\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/andrej-kuzkin.-golova-geroya-iz-installyaczii.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/andrej-kuzkin.-golova-geroya-iz-installyaczii.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/andrej-kuzkin.-golova-geroya-iz-installyaczii-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"Head\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".NePomnim\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Slava Ptrk<\/h2>\n<h2>We don\u2019t remember. We are not proud.<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3570\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/slava-ptrk.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/slava-ptrk.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/slava-ptrk-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The artist uses a popular in contemporary Russia slogan, associated with the heroes of the Great Patriotic War: \u201cWe remember. We are proud.\u201d The artist puts this slogan in the context of repressions, showing that the memory of repressions in Russia is not sufficiently comprehended, and this page in russian history is a cause for sorrow, not for pride.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"NePomnim\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".Wood\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Aleksandr Shishkin-Hokusai<\/h2>\n<h2>Breath<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3571\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/shishkin-hokusaj.-dyhanie.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/shishkin-hokusaj.-dyhanie.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/shishkin-hokusaj.-dyhanie-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"Wood\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".Fire\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Anonymous author<\/h2>\n<h2>1111<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3575\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/kostry.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/kostry.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/kostry-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>A campfire is a traditional place for saving and replenishing health in video games. In the Sandormokh forest, bonfires illuminated executions. Here their smoke forms the number 1111 \u2013 the number of victims of only the first Solovetsky transit. Saving is not possible.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"Fire\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".Rock\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Yulia Fedulova<\/h2>\n<h2>Petroglyphs<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3572\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yuliya-fedulova.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yuliya-fedulova.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yuliya-fedulova-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The image of Sandormoh is conveyed in simple graphics. The artist\u2019s work is applied to the stone as an alternative version of the famous monument \u201cPeople, do not kill each other\u201d, erected here as one of the first in 1998.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"Rock\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".Domino\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Zlata Ulitina<\/h2>\n<h2>Dominoes<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3564\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/zlata-ulitina.-domino.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/zlata-ulitina.-domino.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/zlata-ulitina.-domino-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Violence is always a chain. A single case gives birth to a pattern; violence works like an epidemic. It has different \u201cincubation periods\u201d: for example, institutional violence may seem dormant at some point. But the consequences of an earlier act of violence still manifest themselves one day, triggering another epidemic, a chain reaction. A crime against an individual escalates into a crime against humanity.<\/p>\n<p>The great terror is a great epidemic, the pathogen of which has not been studied and consequently not been eradicated. And today we are again seeing outbreaks of the deadly contagion of violence.<\/p>\n<p>A chain of domino bones \u2013 a chain of bones of murdered people who were mowed down one by one by the Soviet sickle. Now they are the grass of Sandormoh. Let the grass, as H. Miller bequeathed, be a lesson in morality. Let the green stalks of memory continue to sprout through generations. And one day they will outlast iron links of death-dealing chain.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"Domino\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".Pasport\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Lev Manovich<\/h2>\n<h2>Impossible Monument<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3565\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/lev-manovich.-memorial-zhertvam-politicheskih-repressij.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/lev-manovich.-memorial-zhertvam-politicheskih-repressij.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/lev-manovich.-memorial-zhertvam-politicheskih-repressij-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Let\u2019s imagine that some of the world\u2019s most famous architects were invited to design a monument for victims of Stalin\u2019s repressions. The architects selected to present final projects in the competition are Zaha Hadid, Frank Gerhy, and Shigeru Ban. The monument will stand in the Sandormokh forest not far from the original 1997 modest monument.<br \/>\nWe see familiar pine trees in each proposal renderings \u2013 exactly like in our real Sandormokh forest. The proposal of each architecture studio reflects their unique architecture language \u2013 dynamic asymmetrical shapes by Gerhy, fluid and complex forms by Hadid, and use of traditional materials such as bamboo by Ban.<br \/>\nI created these imaginary architecture proposals using Midjourney Image Synthesis AI. It was trained on millions of images from the web. It \u201clearned\u201d content, styles, and aesthetics of these images. The imaginary designs AI made reflect the styles of the famous architects that I chose. AI also placed these designs within a pine forest and created atmosphere and lighting that matches a particular time of a day (e.g. morning or evening) to show each monument in the best way.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"Pasport\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".Glazok\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Anonymous author<\/h2>\n<h2>Peephole<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3563\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/glazok.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/glazok.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/glazok-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Instruction: Click on me!<\/p>\n<p>There is an eye watching you through the peephole. It\u2019s the eye of the firing squad. It\u2019s as if he\u2019s returning to Sandormoh to the scene of the crime. It is as if it continues to watch \u2013 now for you.<\/p>\n<p>It is important for us to remember those who were the executioners. Not to dehumanise them and symbolically avenge them, but to understand how people turn into non-humans, how willingness to be part of the system or simple loyalty can kill the humanity in a person. We need to look them in the eye without fear. We need to find out how they lived their lives, how they separated \u201cwork\u201d from their personal lives, how they babysat their children and grandchildren, what they told their mother about their work. What they dreamed about, if they could dream, and what they believed in, if they could believe in anything. They killed and tortured people out of fear of being in their victims\u2019 shoes or out of resentment and bitterness<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"Glazok\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".Portal\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Peter Edomski<\/h2>\n<h2>Cassations<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3568\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/petr-edomskij.-kassaczii..jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/petr-edomskij.-kassaczii..jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/petr-edomskij.-kassaczii.-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The work \u201cCassations\u201d is based on photographs of real people \u2013 victims of the \u201cGreat Terror\u201d, who were, until recently, hidden in the grounds of the Sandormoh firing range.<\/p>\n<p>Historical and memorial institutions today do not look to the past, but to the future. By structuring our present vision of the past they structure at the same time a future that looks to our present, shaped by what we know about our past and how we see it.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cCassations\u201d \u2013 appeal to the phenomenon of \u201cpost-memory\u201d, describing the position that today\u2019s generation takes in relation to the personal, collective and cultural trauma of those who lived before. Post-memories are events that we \u2018remember\u2019 (or would like to remember) only through stories, images or, conversely, through silences, secrets and efforts at oblivion. These events are transmitted on such a deep level that it is as if they themselves become full-fledged memories. Thus the post-memory connection with the past is not through remembering, but through the need and desire to \u201cremember\u201d. Through the engagement of imagination and creative mechanisms.<\/p>\n<p>The deformed and traumatised \u2013 pictures in Cassations rely not so much on history, but on poetry, as a skill which perhaps historians need to master, if they want to tell the difficult story of the destruction of their own people.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"Portal\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".Oduvan\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Daria Dorofeeva<\/h2>\n<h2>Dandelions<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3567\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/oduvanchiki.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/oduvanchiki.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/oduvanchiki-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>One of the prisoners of Solovetsky camp shot in Sandormoh \u2013 Alexey Vangaim. He was 56 years old. In the 1920s he set up the Weather Bureau \u2013 today\u2019s Hydrometcentre. Vannheim was involved in the major geophysical projects of his time. But in 1934 he was arrested and sent to Solovki. In Moscow he was left with a four-year-old daughter. He tried to teach her from a distance, as he would have if he had been around. He collected flowers and leaves, made herbaria from them and sent them to his daughter, explaining how plants were arranged. So once glued on paper a dandelion in all stages of flower development. Vanheim was shot when his daughter was 7 years old. His efforts were not in vain. Eleonora Alexeyevna Wangheim became a doctoral candidate in geological-mineralogical sciences.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"Oduvan\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".ClearHistory\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>creatorunknown<\/h2>\n<h2>Clear history button<\/h2>\n<p>Instruction: push the buttom<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"ClearHistory\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".Kostnitsa\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Nikita Seleznev<\/h2>\n<h2>Kostnitsa<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3574\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/kostnicza.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/kostnicza.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/kostnicza-300x240.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The image is inspired by ancient ossuaries \u2013 repositories of the bones of the dead. In the work, skulls cover the ruined head of a Soviet sculpture.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"Head\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".Crunch\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Ildar Yakubov<\/h2>\n<h2>A symbol of mutual understanding<\/h2>\n<p>Ildar Yakubov\u2019s video mapping is based on a speech given by the Consul of the Republic of Poland, Josef Skotolev, on the opening day of Sandormoh in 1997. He spoke of his fellow Poles, mostly Catholic priests, who were shot here. But he immediately stipulated that there should be no national, religious or social animosity in Sandormoh. The terrible experience unites everyone in a single human grief, and this feeling should be the pledge of mutual forgiveness for all of us, from very different countries. This was the hope of the Polish Consul Josef Skotoleff in 1997.<\/p>\n<p>There were many priests among the Poles killed in Sandormoh. Polish priests had parishes in the territories of Ukraine and Belarus even before the revolution and continued to serve under Soviet rule. Many of them ended up in Solovki. And not incidentally: this camp was special, as all those who were considered to be the main ideological enemies were sent there. Sandormoh victims included priests of the Russian Orthodox Church up to bishops, Lutheran priests and more than 30 Catholic priests.<\/p>\n<p>The Sandormoh memorial was unveiled on October 27, 1997 and a chapel was built in a week\u2019s time. The chapel survives to this day. There are two aspects to its appearance: Sandormoh has not only Christians of various confessions, but also Muslims and Jews. On the other hand, the chapel has a special character, resembling a forest hut where people leave each other candles and matches. A memory book containing the names of all the victims of the massacre is kept here.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"Crunch\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".DeloD\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Case D<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>Yuri Dmitriev is a researcher of political repression in the Soviet Union. Since the 1990s he has searched for the places of execution and burial of victims of repression from the inhabitants of Karelia and the inmates of Karelian camps. In 1997 Dmitriev joined the expedition of the St. Petersburg &#8220;Memorial&#8221; and discovered the execution pits of Sandormoh*. Over the following years, he continued to search for and clarify the locations of the shootings and the names of the victims. Karelian KGB officers themselves forwarded letters to Dmitriev from people who were looking for the graves of their relatives. The characteristic style of his letters gives an idea about the person. Here is one of them:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;Dear Kira Mikhailovna,<\/p>\n<p>FSB workers have forwarded your letter to me only now.<br \/>\nBy happy coincidence this very year on July 1 the place of execution of &#8220;Solovetsky prison camp&#8221;, which was buried for 60 years in deep woods of Karelia, was found.<\/p>\n<p>The existence of this stage was reported to me by members of the St. Petersburg Memorial Research and Information Centre, who also handed over the lists of the stage.<\/p>\n<p>In the record No. 81 under No. 119 there is Nabokov Mikhail Mikhailovich, born in 1897, the native of Omsk&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>I know it is impossible to accept the grief of losing a dear and dear person, but as you are reading this letter, perhaps at this very moment, over the place where he and another seven thousand people executed by the Stalinist executioners in 1937-1938, the place of their last resting place, soft music is playing and fresh flowers are laying on all the 236 once secret graves.<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, I have only now received your letter and, unfortunately, you did not give me your phone number which is why I was not able to contact you earlier.<\/p>\n<p>On October 27, at 11 o&#8217;clock in Sandarmoh, on the sixtieth anniversary of the execution of Solovetsky Camp, there will be a &#8220;Penitential Day&#8221; action; church service for the dead will be conducted and a monument to all those killed by the communist executioners will be unveiled with a simple and quiet inscription: &#8220;People, do not kill each other&#8230;&#8221; and a separate plaque to Solovetsky Camp.<\/p>\n<p>I will try to send you photos and press.<\/p>\n<p>Sincerely, Yury Dmitriev&#8221;.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>From 2016 to 2022, with a short break, Yuri Dmitriev was in a pre-trial detention centre in Petrozavodsk under investigation on charges of indecent assault of a minor and illegal possession of weapons. His case has been under investigation for almost six years. We cannot know the real details of the case, but we do know the details of its course. Two acquittals, the dismissal of the prosecutor and the demotion of the judge after acquittal, the review of the case, the indictment, the knowingly lenient sentence on the serious charge, the unexpected multiplication of that sentence by a factor of five. On 15 March 2022 the sentence of 15 years in a strict regime colony came into force.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3640\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-v-den-obnaruzheniya-sandormoha-1024x666.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"666\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-v-den-obnaruzheniya-sandormoha-1024x666.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-v-den-obnaruzheniya-sandormoha-300x195.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-v-den-obnaruzheniya-sandormoha.jpg 1764w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Yuri Dmitriev on the day of the discovery of Sandormoh. July 1, 1997. Source: Iofe Foundation archive<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3641\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-pod-sledstviem.-fotograf-svetlana-kulchiczkaya-1-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-pod-sledstviem.-fotograf-svetlana-kulchiczkaya-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-pod-sledstviem.-fotograf-svetlana-kulchiczkaya-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-pod-sledstviem.-fotograf-svetlana-kulchiczkaya-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Yuri Dmitriev under investigation. Photographer Svetlana Kulchitskaya<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3642\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-pod-sledstviem.-fotograf-svetlana-kulchiczkaya-2-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-pod-sledstviem.-fotograf-svetlana-kulchiczkaya-2-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-pod-sledstviem.-fotograf-svetlana-kulchiczkaya-2-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-pod-sledstviem.-fotograf-svetlana-kulchiczkaya-2.jpg 1060w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Yuri Dmitriev under investigation. Photographer Svetlana Kulchitskaya<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3643\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-pod-sledstviem.-fotograf-svetlana-kulchiczkaya-3-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-pod-sledstviem.-fotograf-svetlana-kulchiczkaya-3-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-pod-sledstviem.-fotograf-svetlana-kulchiczkaya-3-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Yuri Dmitriev under investigation. Photographer Svetlana Kulchitskaya<\/em><\/p>\n<p>* \u0424\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u0418.\u0410. \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445: \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u041d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440-\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, 2019. \u0421. 70.<br \/>\n** \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u042e.\u0410. \u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445. \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a: \u0411\u0430\u0440\u0441, 1999. \u0421. 289.<\/p>\n<h2>Key dates of Dmitriev&#8217;s case<\/h2>\n<p><em>December 13, 2016<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>detained<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>January 2017<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>interrogation of an eleven-year-old adopted daughter<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>April 11, 2017<\/em><\/p>\n<p>charges:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>production of pornography<\/li>\n<li>indecent assault in relation to a minor<\/li>\n<li>illegal possession of weapons<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>January 27, 2018<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>out of jail (signed a recognizance not to leave)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>April 5, 2018<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>acquitted on all indecent assault charges<\/li>\n<li>found guilty of illegal possession of weapons<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sentence<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>restriction of liberty for 2 years and 6 months, of which he had already served most.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>June 6, 2018<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>another interrogation of the adopted daughter of Yuri Dmitriev.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>June 14, 2018<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Supreme Court of Karelia overturned the acquittal.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>June 27, 2018<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>detained<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>June 28, 2018<\/em><\/p>\n<p>charges:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>indecent assault in relation to a minor<\/li>\n<li>illegal possession of weapons<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>November 18, 2018<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Prosecutor for this case, Elena Askerova, resigned<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>November 23, 2018<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Judge Marina Nosova, who challenged acquittal in this case, demoted<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>December 2018 &#8211; March 2020<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>proceedings in a new case<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>March 23, 2020<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>suspension due to Covid-19.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>July 22, 2020<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>acquitted on all illegal possession of weapons charges<\/li>\n<li>found guilty of indecent assault against a minor<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sentence:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>restriction of liberty for 3 years and 6 months (considering the years of the criminal proceedings)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>September 29, 2020<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Sentence overturned by the Supreme Court of Karelia.<\/li>\n<li>New sentence &#8211; 13 years.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>From October 20, 2020<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>he compiles four complaints to higher authorities.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>March 29, 2021<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>On behalf of Yuri Dmitriev, a complaint has been filed with the European Court of Human Rights.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>October 12, 2021<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Supreme Court of Russia refused to review the case.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>December 27, 2021 <\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The City Court of Petrozavodsk stiffened the sentence &#8211; from 13 to 15 years in prison.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>March 15, 2022 <\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Supreme Court of the Republic Karelia rejected the complaint of Yuri Dmitriev.<\/li>\n<li>The sentence came into force.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>March 16, 2022<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Russia withdraws from the Council of Europe and since this date no longer complies with the judgments of the European Court of Human Rights.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\"#menu-item-3483\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h3><strong data-renderer-mark=\"true\">About the project<\/strong><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><p>The Sandormoh online exhibition was created by the Iofe Foundation (St.Petersburg) with the participation of the Czech Memorial (Prague) and <a href=\"https:\/\/gulag.cz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gulag.cz<\/a> to mark the 25th anniversary of the discovery of the firing range where in 1937-1938 5130 inhabitants of Karelia and inmates of the White Sea-Baltic prison camp and 1111 prisoners of the Solovetsky camp were murdered.<\/p>\n<p>The historical section of the exhibition contains three narrative routes and two locations that reveal stories related to Sandormoh. These are the history of mass shootings which took place here in 1937-1938, the history of the search for the place which started in the late 1980s and the history of the perception of Sandormoh and political repression in Russian society. And these are the fates of people connected in different ways with this place and these events.<\/p>\n<p>The art section of the exhibition contains 16 works by contemporary artists that reflect on the theme of mass shootings at Sandormoh and the repression as such.<\/p>\n<p>The artists&#8217; works and exits are lost in the space of Sandormoh forest. Wandering among the pines, unexpectedly finding objects and locations, each visitor walks his or her own path through the exhibition.<\/p>\n<p>Design and developing: <a href=\"https:\/\/haptic.team\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hptx<\/a><br \/>\nCourators: ***** ********, ________ ____<\/p>\n<p>Sound design (Forest, route: Empire): sound artist Pug Heel &amp; Vip Zip<\/p>\n<p>Scientific work: Iofe foundation<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\"#menu-item-3484\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><h2>How it works<\/h2>\n<p>We invite you to take a walk through the digital forest, created on the basis of a real forest tract &#8211; Sandormokh.<\/p>\n<p>The virtual forest is endless, you can go in any direction.<\/p>\n<h3>Movement<\/h3>\n<p>To move, hold the arrows on your keyboard or the WASD buttons.<\/p>\n<p>Hold shift to speed up a bit.<\/p>\n<p>To control the camera, hold down the left mouse button and move it.<\/p>\n<h3>Monuments<\/h3>\n<p>Walking, you will meet art-works &#8211; monuments. These are installations and works of art inscribed in the forest. Some of the works are interactive.<\/p>\n<p>To see the signature for the work, hover over it.<\/p>\n<h3>Historical routes<\/h3>\n<p>Sometimes you will stumble upon a gate &#8211; go through it, this is the entrance to the historical route. There are three of them &#8211; \u201cThe Lost Stage\u201d, \u201cEmpire\u201d, \u201cWill Not Repeat\u201d. The routes are dedicated to historical episodes associated with this place.<\/p>\n<h3>Menu and points of interest<\/h3>\n<p>You won&#8217;t get lost, the menu on the right will serve as a guide for you.<\/p>\n<p>In the menu you will find a list that shows locations and other objects located in the forest. The passed routes are crossed out, the passed Monuments are fixed by the counter. Try to find them all.<\/p>\n<h3>Endless route<\/h3>\n<p>The last scene you will find in the forest is &#8220;Never again&#8221;. It is endless, it is impossible to get out of it, just like jumping off the spiral of history. But you can always hit ESC to get out of any route back into the forest.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\"#menu-item-3485\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><p><span style=\"color: #ffffff; font-size: 2.5rem; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 0em;\">\u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440 \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445<\/span><\/p>\n<article>\n<p>3 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 1937 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0415\u0436\u043e\u0432\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0443 \u00ab\u041e\u0431 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445\u00bb, <a id=\"ref-1\" href=\"#node-1\">\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0443<\/a>. 30 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f \u0415\u0436\u043e\u0432 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b <a id=\"ref-2\" href=\"#node-2\">\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u2116 00447<\/a>, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0443. 5 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 1937 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u0432\u043e\u0448\u0451\u043b \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u0443.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3589\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-25-43.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"969\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-25-43.png 629w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-25-43-186x300.png 186w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0414\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0426\u041a \u0412\u041a\u041f(\u0431) \u2116 863 [3 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 1937 \u0433.1] \u0428\u0418\u0424\u0420\u041e\u041c \u0421\u0415\u041a\u0420\u0415\u0422\u0410\u0420\u042f\u041c \u041e\u0411\u041a\u041e\u041c\u041e\u0412, \u041a\u0420\u0410\u0419\u041a\u041e\u041c\u041e\u0412 \u0438 \u0426\u041a \u041d\u0410\u0426\u041a\u041e\u041c\u041f\u0410\u0420\u0418\u0419. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: <a href=\"https:\/\/bessmertnybarak.ru\/article\/direktiva_tsk_vkp_863\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u00ab\u0411\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u00bb \u0414\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0426\u041a \u0412\u041a\u041f(\u0431) \u2116 863 (bessmertnybarak.ru)<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414, \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c, \u0441\u0443\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430.\u0421 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0432\u043e\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b. \u041f\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u043a\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043c \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0442\u044e\u0440\u0435\u043c, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0435 \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0412 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430, \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438.\u0412 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043b\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0440\u044c \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043a\u0432\u043e\u0442\u044b. \u0418\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c 1200 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a. \u041f\u043e\u0437\u0436\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043d\u0430 425 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a. \u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043d\u0430 200. \u042d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f \u2013 1111 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u2013 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u0436\u0443 \u0432 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0435. \u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u2013 509 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u2013 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0431\u0440\u0435. \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445. \u0422\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 509 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440. \u0410 \u0432\u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3590 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-27-17-736x1024.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"834\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-27-17-736x1024.png 736w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-27-17-216x300.png 216w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-27-17.png 799w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0423\u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u043f\u043e \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u2116189852 \u043e\u0442 16.10.1937 (\u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0430\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430). \u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b.: \u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445. 1937: 27 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f \u2014 4 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f. \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u041d\u0418\u0426 \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u00bb, 1997. \u0421.166.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3591 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-29-19-732x1024.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"839\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-29-19-732x1024.png 732w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-29-19-215x300.png 215w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-29-19.png 798w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0420\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430. \u041e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b.: \u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445. 1937: 27 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f \u2014 4 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f. \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u041d\u0418\u0426 \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u00bb, 1997. \u0421.166.]<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>\u0412\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u0438 \u0418\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0424\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0435<\/h2>\n<p>\u0412\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0438\u043b \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0425\u0438\u043c\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u0442\u0435\u0445\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0442. \u0412 1964\u20131965 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u00ab\u041a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u00bb, \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420. \u0412 1965-\u043c \u0430\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0451\u043d \u043a 3 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043c \u043b\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0440\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0438. \u0412\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434, \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0432\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0438 \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0437\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0445.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 1980-\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435; \u0435\u0451 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445. \u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0443 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441. \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0443 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e-\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430\u00bb, \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043b \u041d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440, \u0432 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u0438 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0413\u0443\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0443.<\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u041d\u0418\u0426 \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u00bb \u0432 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0440\u044f, \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u2013 \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u00ab\u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0432\u00bb, \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a \u043e\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044c\u044e 1937 \u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412.\u0412. \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432 2002 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443, \u0441 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u041d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0446\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u00bb \u0440\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0418\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0424\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0435.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0412 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0430\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0435<\/h2>\n<p>\u0412 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u0435 1989 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434 \u2013 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a \u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043c\u00bb. \u0415\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044f, <a id=\"ref-3\" href=\"#node-3\">\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0440\u044e<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u041d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0436\u0451\u043d\u044b, \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f, \u0441\u0451\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b, \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430. \u0412\u0441\u0451 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u044b\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044b \u0432 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u044b \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414. \u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c, \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435, \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u0441 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u044c\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435. \u0418\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u043e\u0442\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043b\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0440\u0435, \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u044b.<\/p>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0435, \u043d\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430 \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438\u0445 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0445. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u044f\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u2013 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430. \u0413\u0434\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0432 \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u043f\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0435 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043e \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0445, \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0434\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041e\u043d \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b: \u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u0443\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044e. 27 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f, 2, 3, 4 \u043d\u043e\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1937 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b. \u0421\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b \u043e\u043d, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u0435\u0437\u043b\u0438 \u0441 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0435\u043d\u044c\u044e 1937 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0421\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438<\/h2>\n<p>\u0421\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0435, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u0420\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u041a\u0413\u0411 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 1980-\u0445, \u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430\u00bb \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u044f\u0441\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430 1950-\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 1960-\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u044b\u0445. \u0416\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0431 \u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u0412\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u2013 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044f\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u041a\u0413\u0411 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0421\u041c \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u21168\u0441\u0441 \u043e\u0442 24\/\u0423\u0428-1955 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u041c\u0412\u0414 \u0420\u0421\u0424\u0421\u0420 \u21163\/7337 \u043e\u0442 22\/IX-1955 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430) \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0432 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0437 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438. \u041c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3600\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/svidetelstvo-o-smerti-p.g.-penner-s-nepravilnoj-prichinoj-i-datoj-smerti.-1957-god-721x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"852\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/svidetelstvo-o-smerti-p.g.-penner-s-nepravilnoj-prichinoj-i-datoj-smerti.-1957-god-721x1024.jpg 721w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/svidetelstvo-o-smerti-p.g.-penner-s-nepravilnoj-prichinoj-i-datoj-smerti.-1957-god-211x300.jpg 211w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/svidetelstvo-o-smerti-p.g.-penner-s-nepravilnoj-prichinoj-i-datoj-smerti.-1957-god-scaled.jpg 1803w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3601\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/svidetelstvo-o-smerti-p.g.-penner-s-pravilnoj-prichinoj-smerti-\u2014-rasstrel-\u2014-i-nepravlnym-ukazaniem-mesta-rasstrela-leningrad.-1995-god-747x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"822\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/svidetelstvo-o-smerti-p.g.-penner-s-pravilnoj-prichinoj-smerti-\u2014-rasstrel-\u2014-i-nepravlnym-ukazaniem-mesta-rasstrela-leningrad.-1995-god-747x1024.jpg 747w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/svidetelstvo-o-smerti-p.g.-penner-s-pravilnoj-prichinoj-smerti-\u2014-rasstrel-\u2014-i-nepravlnym-ukazaniem-mesta-rasstrela-leningrad.-1995-god-219x300.jpg 219w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/svidetelstvo-o-smerti-p.g.-penner-s-pravilnoj-prichinoj-smerti-\u2014-rasstrel-\u2014-i-nepravlnym-ukazaniem-mesta-rasstrela-leningrad.-1995-god-scaled.jpg 1868w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0421\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043e \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u041f.\u0413. \u041f\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438. 1957 \u0433\u043e\u0434. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0421\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043e \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u041f.\u0413. \u041f\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u2013 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b \u2013 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 (\u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434). 1995 \u0433\u043e\u0434. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0412\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0445, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a, \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0441\u044f \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u0430 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u044f \u0417\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d 3\/XI-1937 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c, <a id=\"ref-4\" href=\"#node-4\">\u00ab\u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d \u0443\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 13\/\u0425-1941 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b\u00bb<\/a>. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e \u2013 \u00ab\u041f\u041e\u0421\u0422\u0410\u041d\u041e\u0412\u0418\u041b\u00bb, \u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u2013 \u00ab\u041f\u041e\u041b\u0410\u0413\u0410\u041b \u0411\u042b\u00bb. \u0410, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435\u0445 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0432: \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430, \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u044f \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430, \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u0430 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u0438 \u0412\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u041f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u2013 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0432 1963 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0435, <a id=\"ref-5\" href=\"#node-5\">\u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0435<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3594 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/vnutrennyaya-perepiska-nkvd-ob-otvete-na-zapros-vdovy-poeta-nikolaya-zerova.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"825\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/vnutrennyaya-perepiska-nkvd-ob-otvete-na-zapros-vdovy-poeta-nikolaya-zerova.jpg 683w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/vnutrennyaya-perepiska-nkvd-ob-otvete-na-zapros-vdovy-poeta-nikolaya-zerova-218x300.jpg 218w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><br \/>\n<em>\u0412\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0432\u0434\u043e\u0432\u044b \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u0430 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u044f \u0417\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 1980-\u0445 \u2013 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 1990-\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u043d\u044b. <a id=\"ref-6\" href=\"#node-6\">\u00ab\u041f\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044f \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0412\u0430\u0441 \u0438 \u0412\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0411\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0414\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0417\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043c\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u00bb<\/a> \u2013 \u0437\u0432\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442 \u0432 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u043e\u0442 1988 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u0430\u0445. \u041a\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0437\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432. <a id=\"ref-7\" href=\"#node-7\">\u00ab\u0412 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u0412\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0430\u044e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0443\u043a \u0412\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d \u041b\u044c\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u041e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u0423\u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 9 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1937 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d. \u0412 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0443 \u0412\u0430\u0441 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0443\u043a\u0430 \u0412.\u041b. \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e. \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043b \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442\u00bb<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3599 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/oficzialnyj-otvet-docheri-d.z.-budniczkogo-s-soboleznovaniyami.-1988-god-727x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"845\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/oficzialnyj-otvet-docheri-d.z.-budniczkogo-s-soboleznovaniyami.-1988-god-727x1024.jpg 727w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/oficzialnyj-otvet-docheri-d.z.-budniczkogo-s-soboleznovaniyami.-1988-god-213x300.jpg 213w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/oficzialnyj-otvet-docheri-d.z.-budniczkogo-s-soboleznovaniyami.-1988-god.jpg 1641w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u041e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0414.\u0417. \u0411\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. 1988 \u0433\u043e\u0434. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/em><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3597 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/otvet-na-zapros-vdove-v.l.-polishhuka.-1990-god-1-724x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"849\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/otvet-na-zapros-vdove-v.l.-polishhuka.-1990-god-1-724x1024.jpg 724w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/otvet-na-zapros-vdove-v.l.-polishhuka.-1990-god-1-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/otvet-na-zapros-vdove-v.l.-polishhuka.-1990-god-1-scaled.jpg 1810w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3598 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/otvet-na-zapros-vdove-v.l.-polishhuka.-1990-god-2-724x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"849\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/otvet-na-zapros-vdove-v.l.-polishhuka.-1990-god-2-724x1024.jpg 724w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/otvet-na-zapros-vdove-v.l.-polishhuka.-1990-god-2-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/otvet-na-zapros-vdove-v.l.-polishhuka.-1990-god-2-scaled.jpg 1810w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0432\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0412.\u041b. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0443\u043a\u0430. 1990 \u0433\u043e\u0434. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3596\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/izveshhenie-o-lozhnoj-informaczii-v-svidetelstve-o-smerte-v.l.-polishhuka.-1988-god-1024x670.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"654\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/izveshhenie-o-lozhnoj-informaczii-v-svidetelstve-o-smerte-v.l.-polishhuka.-1988-god-1024x670.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/izveshhenie-o-lozhnoj-informaczii-v-svidetelstve-o-smerte-v.l.-polishhuka.-1988-god-300x196.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e \u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043e \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u0412.\u041b. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0443\u043a\u0430. 1988 \u0433\u043e\u0434. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>16-\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440<\/h2>\n<p>\u041e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0412\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043a\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0442\u043e\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043b \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439. \u0412 1996 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u041a\u0413\u0411 \u0415.\u042e. \u041b\u0443\u043a\u0438\u043d \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043b \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0443 \u00ab\u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0442\u00bb. \u0412 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u043e\u043d \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043b \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u043a \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c. \u041f\u043e \u043d\u0438\u043c \u043e\u043d \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0441\u0438\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044b. \u0424\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u041b\u0443\u043a\u0438\u043d \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443, \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0440 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0443 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a \u043f\u043e \u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c. \u0412 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0438 <a id=\"ref-8\" href=\"#node-8\">\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u041a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0430\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0414\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0446\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0449\u0430\u0434\u0438<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3602 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-42-19-689x1024.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"891\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-42-19-689x1024.png 689w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-42-19-202x300.png 202w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-42-19.png 715w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u041e\u0442\u0440\u044b\u0432\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u041c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u041d.\u041d. \u0441 \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0412\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u043a \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430. 24\u201326.05.1939. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0423\u0424\u0421\u0411 \u043f\u043e \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f. \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b. \u0414.\u211611602. \u0422.4. \u041b\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0432 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u041b\u0443\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0431 \u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435, \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0444\u0438\u0433\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0431\u0435\u0437\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u041c.\u0420. \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0435\u0432. \u0412\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0438 \u0432 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u044f\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u044b\u0448\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e. \u0412\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u044c \u043e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0438 \u043e \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0438 \u2013 16 \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442 \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0436\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u2013 \u0438 \u043e \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u041f\u0438\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0448\u0438, <a id=\"ref-9\" href=\"#node-9\">\u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a-\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438<\/a>. \u0418\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u044f\u0441\u043d\u043e, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n<p>\u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u0442\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0445\u0438 \u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u041d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043a\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 19-\u043c \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0435. \u041f\u0430\u0437\u043b \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f, \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0432 1950-\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0443\u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0451\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430, \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 19-\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0431\u044b\u043b 16-\u043c \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0432 1937 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e \u211611602<\/h2>\n<p>\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0439 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0430 \u0441\u044b\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0443\u044e \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u2013 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435. \u041e\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043c \u0443\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0430. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 1938 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u043e \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0441 \u0410.\u0424. \u0428\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0418.\u0410. \u0411\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044a\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0439. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c. \u0421\u0430\u043c\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0438\u0439. \u041b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 6 \u0442\u044b\u0441\u044f\u0447 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a, \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438 \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u044b \u043a\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0442\u043e \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0411\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0438 \u0428\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b\u0448\u0430, \u0438\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0431\u044b \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n<p>\u0428\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b\u0448 \u0438 \u0411\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438. \u041a \u0438\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u041c.\u0420. \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0437\u0436\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e \u2013 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0430.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3603 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-44-21.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"837\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-44-21.png 718w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-44-21-215x300.png 215w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0443. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0428\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b\u0448 \u0410.\u0424., \u0411\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0418.\u0410. \u0438 \u0434\u0440. \u211611602. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0423\u0424\u0421\u0411 \u043f\u043e \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f. \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b. \u0414. \u211611602.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3605\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-47-48.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"874\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-47-48.jpg 702w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-47-48-206x300.jpg 206w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0423\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u00ab\u041d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u00bb \u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d \u043a \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0443. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0428\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b\u0448 \u0410.\u0424., \u0411\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0418.\u0410. \u0438 \u0434\u0440. \u211611602. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0423\u0424\u0421\u0411 \u043f\u043e \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f. \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b. \u0414. \u211611602.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3606 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-49-39.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"834\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-49-39.jpg 723w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-49-39-216x300.jpg 216w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0414\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0430. \u041c\u0430\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0435\u0432 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0428\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b\u0448 \u0410.\u0424., \u0411\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0418.\u0410. \u0438 \u0434\u0440. \u211611602. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0423\u0424\u0421\u0411 \u043f\u043e \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f. \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b. \u0414. \u211611602.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3607\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-50-37.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"547\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-50-37.jpg 718w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-50-37-300x273.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u0414\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u043e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0428\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b\u0448 \u0410.\u0424., \u0411\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0418.\u0410. \u0438 \u0434\u0440. \u211611602. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0423\u0424\u0421\u0411 \u043f\u043e \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f. \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b. \u0414. \u211611602. ]<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0418\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0439, \u0437\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u0417\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c\u044f, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u043a\u0438, \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043d\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b. \u0412 \u00ab\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0443\u043a\u00bb, \u0432 \u00ab\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0433\u00bb, \u0432 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u00ab\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u00bb \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438. \u0427\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0447\u0442\u043e-\u0442\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432, \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0445, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043b \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f; \u0438\u0437\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u2013 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0411\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u044b\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0448\u0442\u044b\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u043e\u043c, \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0412 \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u0441 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u044f\u043c\u044b, \u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0432 \u044f\u043c\u0435 \u0438\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u044b\u043b\u043e\u043a.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3608\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-51-21.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"394\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-51-21.jpg 718w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-51-21-300x197.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u041f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0447\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b, \u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u044f\u043c\u044b \u043e\u0442 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0428\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b\u0448 \u0410.\u0424., \u0411\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0418.\u0410. \u0438 \u0434\u0440. \u211611602. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0423\u0424\u0421\u0411 \u043f\u043e \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f. \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b. \u0414. \u211611602.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3609\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-52-03.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"840\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-52-03.jpg 715w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-52-03-214x300.jpg 214w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u041f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0431 \u0443\u0431\u0438\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0435. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0428\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b\u0448 \u0410.\u0424., \u0411\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0418.\u0410. \u0438 \u0434\u0440. \u211611602. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0423\u0424\u0421\u0411 \u043f\u043e \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f. \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b. \u0414. \u211611602.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3610 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-53-11.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"839\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-53-11.jpg 718w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-53-11-215x300.jpg 215w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u041d.\u041d. \u041c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0428\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b\u0448 \u0410.\u0424., \u0411\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0418.\u0410. \u0438 \u0434\u0440. \u211611602. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0423\u0424\u0421\u0411 \u043f\u043e \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f. \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b. \u0414. \u211611602<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3611\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-52-55.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"843\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-52-55.jpg 718w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_16-52-55-213x300.jpg 213w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0437\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u041d.\u041d. \u041c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0428\u043e\u043d\u0434\u044b\u0448 \u0410.\u0424., \u0411\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e \u0418.\u0410. \u0438 \u0434\u0440. \u211611602. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0423\u0424\u0421\u0411 \u043f\u043e \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f. \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b. \u0414. \u211611602.]<\/em><\/p>\n<h2>\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0427\u0443\u0445\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u042e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432<\/h2>\n<p>\u0412 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 1990-\u0445 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0431\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a \u041c\u0412\u0414, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0427\u0443\u0445\u0438\u043d. \u041e\u043d \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435\u043b \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0438, \u0432\u043e\u0448\u0451\u043b \u0432\u043e \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u00ab\u0414\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f\u00bb \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0434\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430 \u0412\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0420\u0421\u0424\u0421\u0420, \u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0421\u043e\u044e\u0437\u0430 \u2013 \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0443\u043c\u044b \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430. \u0427\u0443\u0445\u0438\u043d \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0417\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043e \u0440\u0435\u0430\u0431\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439 1991 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043e\u043d \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u00ab\u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445, \u0441\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u043a \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044b \u043a\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0442\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u041e\u043d \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b, \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u2013 <a id=\"ref-10\" href=\"#node-10\">\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438<\/a>. \u0427\u0443\u0445\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0433\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u044f\u0445. \u0417\u0430 \u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0430 \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0427\u0443\u0445\u0438\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0431 \u0432 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435.<\/p>\n<p>\u042e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0427\u0443\u0445\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0433\u0438\u0431\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0427\u0443\u0445\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0438\u043b \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e. \u0412\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0451\u043b <a id=\"ref-11\" href=\"#node-11\">\u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0432<\/a>. \u041a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446 \u0441 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043b \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432, <a id=\"ref-12\" href=\"#node-12\">\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 500 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446<\/a>.<br \/>\n\u0411\u043b\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0440\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043f\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u0438 \u0424\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043c \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0433\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0431\u0448\u0438\u0445.<\/p>\n<p>\u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u0438 \u0424\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u0432 \u0438\u044e\u043d\u0435 1997 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0432 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043a \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0433\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 19-\u043c \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0435.<\/p>\n<h2>\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3612 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/obnaruzhenie-sandormoha.-1-iyulya-1997-goda1-1024x666.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"650\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/obnaruzhenie-sandormoha.-1-iyulya-1997-goda1-1024x666.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/obnaruzhenie-sandormoha.-1-iyulya-1997-goda1-300x195.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3613 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/obnaruzhenie-sandormoha.-1-iyulya-1997-goda-1024x685.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"669\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/obnaruzhenie-sandormoha.-1-iyulya-1997-goda-1024x685.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/obnaruzhenie-sandormoha.-1-iyulya-1997-goda-300x201.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><br \/>\n<em>\u041e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0430. 1 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 1997 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3619\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/soldaty-privlechyonnye-k-raskopkam-smotryat-na-otkryvshiesya-ostanki-zhertv-1024x687.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"671\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/soldaty-privlechyonnye-k-raskopkam-smotryat-na-otkryvshiesya-ostanki-zhertv-1024x687.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/soldaty-privlechyonnye-k-raskopkam-smotryat-na-otkryvshiesya-ostanki-zhertv-300x201.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><br \/>\n<em>\u0421\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u044f\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432. 1 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 1997 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3620\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-nahodit-ostanki.-1-iyulya-1997-goda-1024x624.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"610\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-nahodit-ostanki.-1-iyulya-1997-goda-1024x624.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/yurij-dmitriev-nahodit-ostanki.-1-iyulya-1997-goda-300x183.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><br \/>\n<em>\u042e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432. 1 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 1997 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/em><\/p>\n<p>1 \u0438\u044e\u043b\u044f 1997 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435, \u0424\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u0438 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u0432\u044b\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043a \u043a\u0430\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u043d\u0430 19-\u0439 \u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0442\u044c \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0430. \u0427\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0432 \u043b\u0435\u0441\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0432\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u043b, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0430\u0431\u0440\u0438\u0441\u044b \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u044f\u043c. \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043d\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043d\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0432\u043e\u0437\u044c. \u0412\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0430\u043c\u0438\u043d \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043b \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u044b\u043c\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0443 \u0438\u043c\u044f \u00ab\u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u00bb. <a id=\"ref-13\" href=\"#node-13\">\u0422\u0430\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0443\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0445\u0443\u0442\u043e\u0440, \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0439\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043a\u0443<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u042d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u043d\u044f\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432. 27 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1997 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043b\u044b \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u0421 1998 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0433\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u043d\u0451\u043c \u041f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e 5 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0411\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0422\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0432 1937 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3614\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/otkrytie-memoriala-v-sandormohe-27-oktyabrya-1997-goda.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"545\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/otkrytie-memoriala-v-sandormohe-27-oktyabrya-1997-goda.jpg 916w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/otkrytie-memoriala-v-sandormohe-27-oktyabrya-1997-goda-300x163.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0435 27 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u044f 1997 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3618\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rodstvenniki-rastrelyannyh-na-otkrytii-memoriala-v-sandormohe.-fotograf-evgenij-uvarov.jpg-646x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"952\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rodstvenniki-rastrelyannyh-na-otkrytii-memoriala-v-sandormohe.-fotograf-evgenij-uvarov.jpg-646x1024.jpg 646w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rodstvenniki-rastrelyannyh-na-otkrytii-memoriala-v-sandormohe.-fotograf-evgenij-uvarov.jpg-189x300.jpg 189w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rodstvenniki-rastrelyannyh-na-otkrytii-memoriala-v-sandormohe.-fotograf-evgenij-uvarov.jpg-scaled.jpg 1614w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3617\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rodstvenniki-rastrelyannyh-na-otkrytii-memoriala-v-sandormohe.-fotograf-evgenij-uvarov.jpg1_-768x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rodstvenniki-rastrelyannyh-na-otkrytii-memoriala-v-sandormohe.-fotograf-evgenij-uvarov.jpg1_-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rodstvenniki-rastrelyannyh-na-otkrytii-memoriala-v-sandormohe.-fotograf-evgenij-uvarov.jpg1_-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rodstvenniki-rastrelyannyh-na-otkrytii-memoriala-v-sandormohe.-fotograf-evgenij-uvarov.jpg1_-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3616\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rodstvenniki-rastrelyannyh-na-otkrytii-memoriala-v-sandormohe.-fotograf-evgenij-uvarov-1024x703.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"686\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rodstvenniki-rastrelyannyh-na-otkrytii-memoriala-v-sandormohe.-fotograf-evgenij-uvarov-1024x703.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rodstvenniki-rastrelyannyh-na-otkrytii-memoriala-v-sandormohe.-fotograf-evgenij-uvarov-300x206.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-3615\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rodstvenniki-rastrelyannyh-na-otkrytii-memoriala-v-sandormohe.-fotograf-evgenij-uvarov1-1024x733.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"716\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rodstvenniki-rastrelyannyh-na-otkrytii-memoriala-v-sandormohe.-fotograf-evgenij-uvarov1-1024x733.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rodstvenniki-rastrelyannyh-na-otkrytii-memoriala-v-sandormohe.-fotograf-evgenij-uvarov1-300x215.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><br \/>\n<em>\u0420\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0435. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u2013 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u0443\u0440\u043e\u043a \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0438. \u0412 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u0435\u0441\u0430\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u0441 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0434\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0443 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0443, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u043e \u0442\u043e\u043c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u2013 \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a \u043e\u0441\u044f\u0437\u0430\u0435\u043c\u044b\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043c.<\/p>\n<p>\u042d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0443\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0435\u043c\u044b, \u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u044e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445 \u0437\u0430 25 \u043b\u0435\u0442<\/h2>\n<p>\u0423\u0436\u0435 \u0432 1997 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u0411\u044b\u043b \u0432\u044b\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u044f\u0434\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430-\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0446\u0430. \u041e\u043d \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c \u0441 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0435\u0439, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0440\u044f\u0434\u0446\u0435\u0432, \u0438 \u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0432\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u043b\u0435\u0441: \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0431\u0438\u043a\u0438-\u0433\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0446\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0435\u043d. \u0420\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u0433\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0446\u044b, \u043f\u0438\u0448\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u0432\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u041d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0448\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044c\u0435\u0432.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u043e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u042d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0430\u0439\u0448\u0443\u044e \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0430\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0421\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u0412 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 58 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439. \u042d\u0442\u043e, \u0432\u043e-\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0445, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u044e\u0437\u0430, \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043a \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438. \u041e\u0434\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u2013 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0446\u044b, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 1111 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 300. \u0418\u0437-\u0437\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0414\u043d\u044f\u0445 \u041f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0437\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0431\u0443\u0441\u0435.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3621 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_17-03-17-714x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"860\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_17-03-17-714x1024.jpg 714w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_17-03-17-209x300.jpg 209w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/2022-08-03_17-03-17.jpg 797w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>\u042d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043a \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0438 \u211683. \u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 03.11.1937. \u041d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u043d\u044f \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0435\u0432 \/\/ \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u042e.\u0410. \u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445. \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a, 2019. \u0421. 366. <a href=\"https:\/\/imwerden.de\/pdf\/dmitriev_mesto_pamyati_sandarmokh_2019__izd.pdf\">\u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445. \u2014 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a, 2019 (imwerden.de)<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u041a\u0440\u044b\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d \u043a \u0420\u0424 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0414\u043e\u043d\u0431\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0435, \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0437\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445. \u0421 2016 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0446\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0438 5 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430. \u0412 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 2016 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u042e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0438\u044f. \u041e\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043b \u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443 \u043f\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c. \u0417\u0430 6 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043e\u043d \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0434\u0430\u043d \u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b \u043e\u0441\u0443\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0431\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 3 \u043b\u0435\u0442 6 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u044f\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u043b\u0438\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0434\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 15 \u043b\u0435\u0442. \u041d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432 2016-\u043c, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u0432 \u043c\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0435 2022 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. <a id=\"ref-14\" href=\"#node-14\">\u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u043c\u0430<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0436\u0435 2016 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0443\u043b\u043e \u0433\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0443, \u0447\u0442\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u043e \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430, \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0442\u044b \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0438 \u2013 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u044b \u0444\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u0437\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044e \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0412\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u041e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b. \u0412 2019 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043a\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0442\u044b \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u043d\u0449\u0438\u043d \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0443\u0436\u0447\u0438\u043d. \u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441-\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0444\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0438, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a <a id=\"ref-15\" href=\"#node-15\">\u00ab\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0446\u0430, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0447\u0435\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0432\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0432\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0443\u00bb<\/a>. \u0418\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0432\u043e\u0434, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0434\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0430\u0440\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0446\u0430\u043c. \u0414\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0433\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0443, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438. \u0421\u0443\u0434\u044c\u0431\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430. \u0412 \u043e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0434\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0417\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f \u042d\u043c\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0438 \u0421\u043b\u0430\u0431\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0436\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0431\u0438\u0449\u0435, \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f <a id=\"ref-16\" href=\"#node-16\">\u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0436\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430<\/a>. \u0420\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u043e \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0438 \u041f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438, <a id=\"ref-17\" href=\"#node-17\">\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044c\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0430<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0412\u043e\u0442 \u0443\u0436\u0435 25 \u043b\u0435\u0442 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0435 5 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0437\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u043e-\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0437\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440 \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d. \u0418 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0437\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445. \u0412 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043a \u043d\u0438\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0442\u0435, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a \u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c \u2013 \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u00ab\u0412\u043e\u0437\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u00bb. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0421\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043a\u043e\u0432. \u0421\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044f \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439, \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430-\u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e.<br \/>\n<\/article>\n<h2>\u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438<\/h2>\n<footer>\n<ol>\n<li id=\"node-1\"><a href=\"#ref-1\">\u21a9<\/a> \u0414\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0426\u041a \u0412\u041a\u041f (\u0431) 863 \/\/ <a href=\"https:\/\/bessmertnybarak.ru\/article\/direktiva_tsk_vkp_863\/\">\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u201c\u0411\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u201d \u0414\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u0426\u041a \u0412\u041a\u041f(\u0431) \u2116 863 (bessmertnybarak.ru)<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-2\"><a href=\"#ref-2\">\u21a9<\/a> \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u043e\u0442 30.07.1937 \u2116 00447. <a href=\"https:\/\/ru.wikisource.org\/wiki\/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D0%9D%D0%9A%D0%92%D0%94_%D0%BE%D1%82_30.07.1937_%E2%84%96_00447\">\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0437 \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u043e\u0442 30.07.1937 \u2116 00447 \u2014 \u0412\u0438\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 (wikisource.org)<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-3\"><a href=\"#ref-3\">\u21a9<\/a> \u0424\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u0418.\u0410. \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445: \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u041d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440-\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, 2019. \u0421. 34-35.<a href=\"https:\/\/nestoriana.files.wordpress.com\/2019\/07\/s_book_clear.pdf?fbclid=IwAR268YOqeqFv9EaxOhXLkc%20lv1H34d3rzO-fxystbGnWDuV2m0A6Ju2YUjMs\"> s_book_clear.pdf (wordpress.com)<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-4\"><a href=\"#ref-4\">\u21a9<\/a> \u0412\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0432\u0434\u043e\u0432\u044b \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u0430 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\u044f \u0417\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/li>\n<li id=\"node-5\"><a href=\"#ref-5\">\u21a9<\/a> \u0412\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/li>\n<li id=\"node-6\"><a href=\"#ref-6\">\u21a9<\/a> \u041e\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0438 \u0414.\u0417. \u0411\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. 1988 \u0433\u043e\u0434. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/li>\n<li id=\"node-7\"><a href=\"#ref-7\">\u21a9<\/a> \u041e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441 \u0432\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0435 \u0412.\u041b. \u041f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0443\u043a\u0430. 1990 \u0433\u043e\u0434. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a: \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0418\u043e\u0444\u0435<\/li>\n<li id=\"node-8\"><a href=\"#ref-8\">\u21a9<\/a> \u041b\u0443\u043a\u0438\u043d \u0415. \u041d\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0447\u0430\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0442. \u0422\u0438\u043f\u044b \u0438 \u043d\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044b \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414. \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u0421\u043a\u0438\u0444\u0438\u044f, 2022. 340 \u0441.<\/li>\n<li id=\"node-9\"><a href=\"#ref-9\">\u21a9<\/a> \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b \u0441\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0412\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0431\u0443\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u043a \u041d\u041a\u0412\u0414 \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430. 24\u201326.05.1939. \u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0423\u0424\u0421\u0411 \u043f\u043e \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f. \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434 \u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u043b. \u0414.\u211611602. \u0422.4. \u041b\u0438\u0441\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d.<\/li>\n<li id=\"node-10\"><a href=\"#ref-10\">\u21a9<\/a> \u0427\u0443\u0445\u0438\u043d \u0418.\u0418. \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f-37: \u0418\u0434\u0435\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a: \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0430, 1999. <a href=\"https:\/\/imwerden.de\/pdf\/chuhin_kareliya-37_1999__ocr.pdf?ysclid=l6c54xjwq5290608176\">https:\/\/imwerden.de\/pdf\/chuhin_kareliya-37_1999__ocr.pdf?ysclid=l6c54xjwq5290608176<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-11\"><a href=\"#ref-11\">\u21a9<\/a> \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u042e.\u0410. \u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445. \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a: <a href=\"https:\/\/imwerden.de\/publ-6092.html\">\u0411\u0430\u0440\u0441, 1999. 352 \u0441. \u042e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432. \u041c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445. 1999 (imwerden.de)<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-12\"><a href=\"#ref-12\">\u21a9<\/a> \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 \u042e.\u0410. \u0418\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0442 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430: \u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a, 2017. 562 \u0441. <a href=\"https:\/\/imwerden.de\/pdf\/ikh_pomnit_rodina_kniga_pamyati_karelskogo_naroda_2017.pdf\">https:\/\/imwerden.de\/pdf\/ikh_pomnit_rodina_kniga_pamyati_karelskogo_naroda_2017.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-13\"><a href=\"#ref-13\">\u21a9<\/a> \u0424\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u0418.\u0410. \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445: \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0421\u041f\u0431.: \u041d\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440-\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f, 2019. \u0421. 72. <a href=\"https:\/\/nestoriana.files.wordpress.com\/2019\/07\/s_book_clear.pdf?fbclid=IwAR268YOqeqFv9EaxOhXLkc%20lv1H34d3rzO-fxystbGnWDuV2m0A6Ju2YUjMs\">s_book_clear.pdf (wordpress.com)<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-14\"><a href=\"#ref-14\">\u21a9<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.memo.ru\/ru-ru\/biblioteka\/delo-yuriya-dmitrieva-hronologiya-20162020-gg\/\">\u041c\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b &#8211; \u0414\u0435\u043b\u043e \u042e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0430. \u0425\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f 2016\u20132021 \u0433\u0433. (memo.ru)<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-15\"><a href=\"#ref-15\">\u21a9<\/a> \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441-\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0420\u0412\u0418\u041e \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0435 14 \u0430\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430 2019 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=EWsypik9qL8&amp;list=PLGvrMPO_OSyM1nXlQ4J-aBzExDhRNdBDU&amp;index=15\">\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441-\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u044d\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0420\u0412\u0418\u041e \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0435 &#8211; YouTube<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-16\"><a href=\"#ref-16\">\u21a9<\/a> \u0413\u0430\u043b\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0418. <a href=\"https:\/\/memorial.notion.site\/98081120500743d3b66a3b775096af38\">\u0418\u0433\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0436\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432. \u0418\u0433\u0440\u0430 \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u041c\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0436\u044c\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432 (notion.site)<\/a><\/li>\n<li id=\"node-17\"><a href=\"#ref-17\">\u21a9<\/a> \u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u043e \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u041a\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b \u0420\u0424 <a href=\"https:\/\/novayagazeta.ru\/articles\/2018\/08\/24\/77592-ne-trevozhte-mogily-otkrytoe-pismo\">\u00ab\u041d\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0436\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043b\u044b\u00bb. \u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c\u043c\u043e \u0420\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0445\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043a\u0438 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0432 \u0443\u0440\u043e\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043b \u042e\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432 (novayagazeta.ru)<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/footer>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".DomSlovo\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>The &#8220;Slovo&#8221; Building<\/h2>\n<p>In the late 1920s Kharkov began to build a house with 66 flats specifically for writers and cultural workers. The house was shaped like a letter &#8220;C&#8221;, and was called Slovo (The Word). In 1930 it was occupied, and the flats were moved in by the top Ukrainian poets, writers, directors, actors and artists.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3638\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/dom-slovo.-1930-e-gody..jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"237\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/dom-slovo.-1930-e-gody..jpg 500w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/dom-slovo.-1930-e-gody.-300x142.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>The &#8220;Slobo&#8221; building, 1930-th, Source: <a href=\"http:\/\/proslovo.com\/fotos\/old-photos-slovo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ProSlovo.com<\/a>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>In 1933 the publicist and poet Mikhail Yalova was arrested and sent to Solovki. From that moment on there were continual arrests in the Slovo (Slovo). The inhabitants of 40 out of the 66 flats in the building were subjected to repression. Some were sent into exile, some to camps. Most were subsequently shot, some in Kiev, some in Kharkov, and ten in Sandormoh. Among them were the director and reformer of the Ukrainian theatre, Les Kurbas, the prominent playwright Nikolai Kulish and the writer Valerian Pidmogilny.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3635\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/anketa-obvinyaemogo-valeriana-pidmogilnogo-s-ukazaniem-adresa-doma-_slovo_-727x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"727\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/anketa-obvinyaemogo-valeriana-pidmogilnogo-s-ukazaniem-adresa-doma-_slovo_-727x1024.jpg 727w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/anketa-obvinyaemogo-valeriana-pidmogilnogo-s-ukazaniem-adresa-doma-_slovo_-213x300.jpg 213w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/anketa-obvinyaemogo-valeriana-pidmogilnogo-s-ukazaniem-adresa-doma-_slovo_-scaled.jpg 1816w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 727px) 100vw, 727px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Valeryan Pidmogilny&#8217;s questionnaire of the accused indicating the address of the &#8220;Slovo&#8221; building. Source: Iofe foundation archive<\/em><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-3636\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/anketa-obvinyaemogo-nikolaya-kulisha-s-ukazaniem-adresa-doma-_slovo_-739x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"739\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/anketa-obvinyaemogo-nikolaya-kulisha-s-ukazaniem-adresa-doma-_slovo_-739x1024.jpg 739w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/anketa-obvinyaemogo-nikolaya-kulisha-s-ukazaniem-adresa-doma-_slovo_-216x300.jpg 216w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/anketa-obvinyaemogo-nikolaya-kulisha-s-ukazaniem-adresa-doma-_slovo_-scaled.jpg 1847w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 739px) 100vw, 739px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Nikolay Kulish&#8217;s questionnaire of the accused indicating the address of the &#8220;Slovo&#8221; building. Source: Iofe foundation archive<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The &#8220;Slovo&#8221; Building in our exhibition is a collective image. Its ten inhabitants are an outstanding, but small proportion of the executed members of Ukrainian culture. On the whole the figures here are of a different order: of the total number of 1111 people in the Solovetsky execution alone, about 300 are Ukrainians. Among them were those who had actually opposed the Bolsheviks before and after the revolution; and senior officials who had worked under the auspices of the Communist Party; and ordinary scientists and artists. This is one of the most seriously affected national groups in Sandormoh. For this reason, the Ukrainian delegation has been one of the most numerous at the Sandormoh commemorations for many years in a row.<\/p>\n<p>Since 2014, the Ukrainian delegation has stopped coming to Sandormoh.<\/p>\n<p>On 7 March 2022, the Slovo house was damaged during shelling in Kharkiv.<\/p>\n<p>To reconstruct a fragment of the entryway, schematics collected by the creators of the <a href=\"http:\/\/proslovo.com\/fotos\/plany-budynok-slovo\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">ProSlovo.com \/ Budynok Slovo \/ Fotoraphy \/ Plani Budinku project were used<\/a><\/p>\n<p>The walls of the entrance are decorated with fragments of the poems of Slovo (Ukrainian poets Andriy Paniv and Valerian Polishchuk, playwright Mykola Kulish and a fragment of the poem &#8220;Slovo&#8221; by the Kiev poet Marko Voronoi. They were all shot in Sandormoh.<\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u043c.: <em>Yuriy Lavrinenko. Shot to Death: Anthology 1917-1933. Poetry &#8211; prose &#8211; drama &#8211; essay. Paris, Instytut Literacki, 1959. \/\/ Kyiv, Prosvita, 2001. 794 \u0441. \/\/ K.: Smoloskip, 2007. &#8211; 976<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3639\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/dom-slovo.-2016.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"750\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/dom-slovo.-2016.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/dom-slovo.-2016-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><br \/>\nthe &#8220;Slovo&#8221; building. 2016. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.objectiv.tv\/objectively\/2022\/03\/07\/obstrely-v-harkove-povrezhden-dom-slovo-legendarnoe-zdanie-literatorov-foto\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-3637\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/dom-slovo.-7-marta-2022.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"499\" height=\"782\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/dom-slovo.-7-marta-2022.jpg 499w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/dom-slovo.-7-marta-2022-191x300.jpg 191w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 499px) 100vw, 499px\" \/><br \/>\nthe &#8220;Slovo&#8221; building. March, 7, 2022. Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.objectiv.tv\/objectively\/2022\/03\/07\/obstrely-v-harkove-povrezhden-dom-slovo-legendarnoe-zdanie-literatorov-foto\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">objectiv.tv<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Detailed information about the &#8220;Slovo&#8221; building on a special Kharkiv resource: <a href=\"http:\/\/proslovo.com\/timeline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ProSlovo.com \/ \u0411\u0443\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043a \u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e \/ \u0406\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0456\u044f<\/a><br \/>\nAn article about the work of Les Kurbas and Mykola Kulish, the largest figures of the Ukrainian theater, who lived in the &#8220;Slovo&#8221; building and were shot in Sandormokh: <a href=\"http:\/\/sias.ru\/upload\/voprosy_teatra\/2009_3-4_310-335_ermakova.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2009_3-4_310-335_ermakova.pdf (sias.ru)<\/a><br \/>\nSeveral translations of the sonnets of the poet Nikolai Zerov, who lived in Kyiv and was shot in Sandormokh: <a href=\"https:\/\/magazines.gorky.media\/sp\/2002\/4\/chistyj-chetverg.html?ysclid=l6bc7oh0rn308993921\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0427\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0433 \u2014 \u0416\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0437\u0430\u043b (gorky.media)<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\"#menu-item-3835\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h2>Figures<\/h2>\n<h2>Sandormoh<\/h2>\n<h3>6241 persons<\/h3>\n<p>total number of people shot in Sandormoh<\/p>\n<p>Of these:<\/p>\n<h3>5130 persons<\/h3>\n<p>\u2014 residents of Karelia and inmates of Belbaltlag, shot in Sandormoh during the Great Terror in 1937 &#8211; 1938<\/p>\n<h3>1111 persons<\/h3>\n<p>\u2014 were inmates of Solovetsky prison (Solovetsky camp), shot in Sandormoh between October 27th and November 4th, 1937<\/p>\n<h2>Solovetsky Prison (Solovetsky prison camp)<\/h2>\n<h3>1825 persons<\/h3>\n<p>total number of Solovetsky prisoners sentenced to execution by the Special Troika of the Leningrad NKVD in 1937<\/p>\n<h3>1823<\/h3>\n<p>\u2014 total number of Solovetsky prisoners, shot in 1937 in Sandormoh<\/p>\n<h3>1116 persons<\/h3>\n<p>\u2014 number of Solovetsky prisoners, who were to be taken out and shot in the first stage<\/p>\n<h3>1 person<\/h3>\n<p>died in Solovetsky hospital before being sent to be shot, 4 people were transported to other camps and NKVD prisons after being sentenced, all but one were shot later<\/p>\n<h3>509 persons<\/h3>\n<p>\u2014 were transported in second stage from Solovki and shot in an unknown place, presumably near Leningrad<\/p>\n<h3>200 persons<\/h3>\n<p>\u2014 had to be shot directly on Solovki, as they could not be transported to the mainland before the end of the navigation period<\/p>\n<h3>198 persons<\/h3>\n<p>\u2014 shot at Solovki<\/p>\n<h3>2 persons<\/h3>\n<p>\u2014 were executed later: against one prisoner execution was delayed due to her pregnancy (she was executed on May 16, 1938 after the birth of her child, the fate of the child is unknown), the second was transferred to the path of the White House, and was executed in Sandormoh on April 19, 1938<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\".allPass\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(0,0,0,0.85);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg)\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_fadeIn closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:1000px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_top type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"wpb_text_column\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Your walk is completed<\/h3>\n<p>You can stay in the forest or reload the scene to complete the route again<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4137 size-thumbnail\" src=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/button-restart-2-150x150.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"50\" height=\"50\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/button-restart-2-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/button-restart-2-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/button-restart-2-500x500.png 500w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/button-restart-2-400x400.png 400w, https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/button-restart-2.png 512w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 50px) 100vw, 50px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"startApp\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"allPass\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"DomSlovo\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-html\"><div style=\"display:none;\" class=\"DeloD\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup align_none\"><span class=\"w-popup-trigger type_selector\" data-selector=\"#menu-item-3959\"><\/span><div class=\"w-popup-overlay\" style=\"background:rgba(242,242,242,0.50);\"><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-wrap\" style=\"--title-color:var(--color-content-heading);--title-bg-color:var(--color-content-bg-alt);--content-color:var(--color-content-text);--content-bg-color:#e8e8e8\"><div class=\"w-popup-box animation_slideTop closerpos_outside without_title\" style=\"width:700px;\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-h\"><div class=\"w-popup-box-content\" style=\"padding:5%;\"><section class=\"l-section wpb_row height_auto full_height valign_center width_custom\" style=\"--site-content-width:700px;\"><div class=\"l-section-h i-cf\"><div class=\"g-cols vc_row via_flex valign_middle type_default stacking_default\"><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\"><div class=\"w-text\"><span class=\"w-text-h\"><span class=\"w-text-value\">\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u044c<\/span><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column vc_column_container\"><div class=\"vc_column-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_wrapper\">[vc_raw_html]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[\/vc_raw_html]<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"w-popup-closer\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Movement To move, press the arrows on your keyboard or the WASD buttons. To control the camera, press the left mouse button and move it. Don&#8217;t forget to turn on the sound. Get lost in the forest","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4022","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4022","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4022"}],"version-history":[{"count":123,"href":"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4022\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4028,"href":"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4022\/revisions\/4028"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pines.mapofmemory.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4022"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}